*考研英语阅读中判定作者态度的三大方法

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*考研英语阅读中判定作者态度的三大方法

  在考研英语阅读理解题型中,作者态度题每年都会涉及,题量不会很大,基本每次一题。能否正确把握作者态度对于文章的整体理解是至关重要的。
  
  1.标志:attitude
  
  2.作者的态度只分为三种:支持或赞同;中立或客观;怀疑、批评或反对
  
  3.判定作者态度的方法
  
  A)寻找带有作者强烈感****彩的名词、动词、形容词或者副词来判定作者态度。
  
  如2009年(专业课历年考研招生大纲)大纲样题(1996年真题)“Thegrowthofthelimitedliabilitycompanyandmunicipalbusinesshadimportantconsequences.Suchlarge,impersonalmanipulationofcapitalandindustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceofshareholdersasaclass,anelementinnationalliferepresentingirresponsible(不负责任的,明显是一个贬义词,作者就是批判股东的)wealthdetachedfromthelandandthedutiesofthelandowners;andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsiblemanagementofbusiness。”“Fortunately,(幸运的,明显后面连接的是作者支持的,即行业公会起了一个好的作用)however,theincreasingpowerandorganisationofthetradeunions,atleastinallskilledtrades,enabledtheworkmentomeetonequaltermsthemanagersofthecompanieswhoemployedthem。”
  
  61.Accordingofthepassage,allofthefollowingaretrueexceptthat________。
  
  [A]theshareholderswereunawareoftheneedsoftheworkers
  
  [B]theoldfirmownershadabetterunderstandingoftheirworkers
  
  [C]thelimitedliabilitycompaniesweretoolargetorunsmoothly
  
  [D]thetradeunionsseemedtoplayapositiverole(行业公会扮演了一个积极的角色)
  
  62.Theauthorismostcriticalof________。
  
  [A]familyfirmowners
  
  [B]landowners
  
  [C]managers
  
  [D]shareholders(批判股东)
  
  B)段首句中含有“but,yet,however,infact”类表示强转折关系的词时,这句话通常表征作者观点。
  
  如2004年第四篇:
  
  "Schoolshavealwaysbeeninasocietywherepracticalismoreimportantthanintellectual,"sayseducationwriterDianeRavitch."Schoolscouldbeacounterbalance."Razitch’slatestbock,LeftBack:ACenturyofFailedSchoolReforms,tracestherootsofanti-intellectualisminourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetotheAmericandistasteforintellectualpursuits。
  
  Buttheycouldandshouldbe.(但学校可能也应该成为一种反学识的抗衡力,即作者是支持学识的)Encouragingkidstorejectthelifeofthemindleavesthemvulnerabletoexploitationandcontrol.Withouttheabilitytothinkcritically,todefendtheirideasandunderstandtheideasofothers,theycannotfullyparticipateinourdemocracy.Continuingalongthispath,sayswriterEarlShorris,"Wewillbecomeasecond-ratecountry.Wewillhavealesscivilsociety."
  
  60、Whatdoestheauthorthinkofintellect?
  
  [A]Itissecondtointelligence。
  
  [B]Itevolvesfromcommonsense。
  
  [C]Itistobepursued.(支持学识观点,即学识值得我们追求)
  
  [D]Itunderliespower.
  
  C)根据作者所举的例证来判定。正面的例子就是支持,反面的例子就是反对,一正一反就是中立客观。
  
  如2009年(专业课历年考研招生大纲)大纲样题(1997年真题)“UnderthenewNorthernTerritorylaw,anadultpatientcanrequestdeath—probablybyadeadlyinjectionorpill—toputanendtosuffering.Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors.Aftera"coolingoff"periodofsevendays,thepatientcansignacertificateofrequest.After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet.ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsofTerminallyIlllawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition."I'mnotafraidofdyingfromaspiritualpointofview,butwhatIwasafraidofwashowI'dgo,becauseI'vewatchedpeopledieinthehospitalfightingforoxygenandclawingattheirmasks,"hesays。”(安乐死的通过提高了他的生活质量,明显是一个正面的例子,就表达了作者的观点——支持安乐死)
  
  54.Theauthor'sattitudetowardseuthanasiaseemstobethatof________。
  
  [A]opposition
  
  [B]suspicion
  
  [C]approval(支持)
  
  [D]indifference
  
  4.作者态度题中经常出的表征态度的形容词
  
  A)支持或赞成:positive,approving,supportive,optimistic,sympathetic,complimentary,affectionate,confident,appreciative,similar,identical
  
  B)中立或客观:neutral,objective,impartial,unbiased,detached
  
  C)怀疑、批评或反对:negative,disapproving,critical,pessimistic,doubtful,questioning,suspicious,skeptical,scornful,contemptible,opposite,cynical
  
  D)错误选项,永远不选:subjective,indifferent,puzzling,compromising,biased

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