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青 岛 科 技 大 学
二 OO 八 年硕士研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：综合考试
注意事项：1．本试卷共 3 道大题（共计 12 个小题），满分 150 分；
2．本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上
或草纸上均无效。要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；
3．必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。
﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡
PART I LINGUISTICS (60 points)
Section I Define the following terms (20 points)
Give the definition of each term in no less than 50 words.
1. langue 2. competence 3. creativity 4. applied linguistics
Section II Essay questions (40 points)
Answer each of the following questions in no less than 100 words.
1. What is semantics?
2. What are schemata and what are the major features of schemata?
3. What is innateness hypothesis?
4. What is speech act theory?
PART II TRANSLATION (60 points)
Section I Translate the following passage into Chinese (20 points)
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for
love, the searching for knowledge, and the unbearable pity for the suffering of the mankind. These
passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep
ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of the despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy---ecstasy so great that I would often have
sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves
loneliness---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the
world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of
love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets
have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is
what --- at last --- I have found.
With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I
have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by
which number holds sway above the flux. Alittle of this, but not much, I have achieved.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always
pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain make a mockery of what human life should
be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I can not, and I too suffer.
This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance
were offered me.
------“What I have lived for” by Bertrand Russell
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