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杭州师范大学硕士研究生入学考试命题纸
杭 州 师 范 大 学
2011 年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题
考试科目代码： 723
考试科目名称： 综合英语
说明：1、命题时请按有关说明填写清楚、完整；
2、命题时试题不得超过周围边框；
3、考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负；
4、
5、
I. Cloze（每小题 1 分，共 20 分）
Fill in the blanks with proper words (the first letter is given).
In recent years, ⑴l________ and language teachers have begun to describe language
according not only to ⑵g________ structure, using traditional concepts and terms such as
the imperative, but also by function, that is, the ⑶u________ to which language is put. For
example, add ‗please‘ to the order ‗Open the window!‘, and the structure ⑷r________
imperative. The function of the ⑸u________, however, is now that of request, and polite
request at that. Function, then, is determined partly by the user‘s attitude, and is realized by
a variety of linguistic and ⑹p________ features—vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation,
⑺t________ of voice, gesture and facial expression. The language learner can often
distinguish passively between certain basic functions—those of command and request, for
example—⑻a________ learning to use these different functions of language to ⑼
c________ effectively is not always so easy.
Function is also determined by the ⑽s________ in which the language is used. ‗Be
quiet!‘ coming from a teacher tired of noisy pupils is obviously an ⑾o________, or
command. Used by one nervous bank ⑿r________ to a fellow in crime, when he thinks he
has heard a noise which could have been made by a suspicious policeman, the sentence
would be a ⒀w________. Used again, as they prepare to blow open the ⒁s________, its
function would be that of cautioning; too loud an explosion would give them ⒂a________.
Look at ‗the imperative‘ in this way, then, and we realize that it consists of a small set of
structural forms which can ⒃f________ many different functions: command, prohibition,
warning, persuasion, as well as many others.
To sum up, the approach to the study and use of language ⒄t________ the examination of
its functions has been enriching for teachers and learners ⒅a________. For both, of course, the
⒆f________ approach does not do without the need for attention to be paid to the workings of
the grammar of a language, but it is an approach which ⒇e________ the uses to which the
control of structure may be put.
2011 年 考试科目代码 723 考试科目名称 综合英语 （本考试科目共 11 页 本页第 1 页）
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