重庆大学外国语学院研究生入学考试试题 （语言学概论）2000 年 （第一、 二部分试题做在试题册上，第二部分写在空白答题纸上。） Part I: Basic Concepts (20%) Briefly define the following terms in English. 1. morphology 2. diphthon 3. compound sentence 4. deep structure 5. ellipsis 6. semantics 7. free variation 8. co-operative principles 9. prefix 10. hyponymy Part II: Language Analysis (50%) 2.1. Give the phonetic symbol for each of the following sounds together with an illustration of the use of the sound in an English word. You are required to give no less than three words for the illustration of each symbol. 1) voiceless bilabial stop:______________________ 2) high back tense rounded vowel:___________________________ 3) voiced retroflex:___________________________- 4) voiceless interdental fricative:_________________________ 5) high front tense unrounded vowel:_____________________________ 2.2. Indicate the position of main stress in each of the following words by writing an accent mark ( ) over the appropriate vowel symbol or symbols. 1. apple 2. baboon 3. behest 4. decent 5. descent 6. executive 7. indiscriminate 8. massage 9. yesterday 10. zoological 11. sagacity 12. neurologist 13. facetious 14. caress 15. Washingtonian 2.3. Each of the following compounds is made up of two parts. How do the parts relate to each other? Two examples are given below: e.g. fleabite (a bite from a flea) bridcage (a cage for bird) 1. bedside_________ 2. mailbox____________ 3. hardwood___________ 4. paintbrush________________
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