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四川大学
2006 年博士研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：英语（A）
? . Reading Comprehension (30%, 1 mark each)
Direction: There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or
unfinished statements. For each of there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You
should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer
Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage 1
Superstition is a biased word. Look up almost any dictionary definition and you will see that
it implies that every religion not based on reason or knowledge is called a superstition. Even the
word knowledge is a two-faced word. Presumably. It is used as a synonym for reason. What it all
comes down to is that people designate as superstitious what they do not think reasonable in
someone else’s religion.
It is true that a person’s religion must be based on some kind of-knowledge. But what kind of
knowledge is meant? Scientific, experimental, rational? Such knowledge is natural and maybe
ethical and then it is natural religious knowledge. A person may quite easily conclude from
observing the universe that only God could have produced it. That knowledge is not religion, not
even if a person is bound to recognize a creator of the universe. It is natural knowledge such as
Confucius, Socrates or Zoroaster possessed. Natural religious knowledge, as is evident in the
history of the human race, although it helps to make a man good, hardly suffices to keep him good
especially in times of crisis. Will such natural knowledge, for instance, sustain a man when he has
suddenly lost all his money and even his wife and children? Will it offer the hope of ever seeing
them again? Will it influence him gladly to sacrifice his life for his family, his country, his religion
Only a strong sense of supernatural religion, a reliance upon God, will provide the necessary
courage for right action.
All the great religions of the world—Christianity, Hinduism, Chinese Buddhism and Islam -
have shown men the way to such courage and its resulting peace of mind and heart and peace with
all men. They point to a better sort of lift, mostly a life somewhere else, or, at least, an end to the
troubles of this life.
Christianity and Islam direct men to look up, hope for and strive after an eternal life of
happiness in the possession of God. Hinduism also encourages its adherents to achieve
successively higher incarnations until they achieve unity, become one with Brahman - God. The
agnostic or the atheist thinks of all of these creeds as religious superstition. Are the agnostic and
the atheist free of superstition? Hardly. Every thinking man has a natural bent for religion, for
ideals above and beyond earthly ones. If he crushes his natural inclination, which is God-inspired
ideals, he most likely will substitute a series of self-inspired ideals or some fad like astrology,
which will become a religion for him. There is a line between religion and superstition which
everyone must learn to identify, or forfeit a true direction in his life.
1. According to the passage, people define superstition as__________.
A. some religious knowledge not based on reason
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