A breakthrough in the provision of energy from the sun for the European Economic Community (EEC) could he. brought forward by up to two decades, if a modest increase could be provided in the EEC's research effort in this field, according to the senior EEC .scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy at EEC's .scientific laboratories at lspra, near Milan.
The senior West German scientist in charge of the community's solar energy program, Mr. Joachim Gretz, told journalists that at present levels of research spending it was most unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three percent of the Community's energy requirements even after the year 2000. But he said that with a modest increase in the present sums, devoted by the EEC to this work it was possible that the breakthrough could be achieved by the end of the next decade.
Mr. Gretz calculates that if solar energy only provided three per cent of the EEC's needs, this could still produce a saving of about a billion pounds in the present bill for imported energy each year. And he believes that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the Community's future energy needs.
At present the EEC spends about $ 2.6 million a year on solar research at Ispra, one of the EEC's official joint research centers, and another $ 3 million a year in indirect research with universities and other independent bodies.
1. The underlined phrase" be brought forward" (Para.1) most probably means_______.
A. be advanced B. be completed
C. be expected D. be introduced
2. Scientists believe that a breakthrough in the use of solar energy depends on______.
A. advanced technology B. further experiments
C. sufficient funding D. well-equipped laboratories
3. According to Mr. Gretz, the present sum of money will enable the scientists to provide____.
A. less than 3% of the EEC's needs before the year 2000
B. 3% of the EEC's needs before the year 2000
C. a little more than 3% of the EEC's needs after the year 2000
D. only 3% of the EEC's needs even after the year 2000
4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. The desired breakthrough could be obtained by the end of the next decade if investment were increased.
B. At the present level of research spending, it is difficult to make any significant progress in the provision of energy from the sun.
C. The EEC spends one billion pounds on imported energy each year.
D. The total yearly spending of the EEC on solar energy research amounted to almost 6 million dollars.
5. The application of advanced technology to research in solar energy __
A. would lead to a big increase in research funding
B. would make it unnecessary to import oil
C. would make it possible to meet the future energy needs of the EEC
D. would provide a much greater proportion of the Conanunity's future energy needs

1．A.  判断题。本题需要根据上下文推断出be brought forward这一词组的意思。在“A break-through in the provision of energy from the sun for the European Economic Community could be brought toward by up to two decades．．．”一句中，be brought forward的动作的对象是a breakthrough(突破)，同时be brought forward的程度是by up to two decades，由此可判断be brought forward应具有“使一种突破提前多至20年实现”的意义，四个选项中只有选项A. be advanced与此意义相近，故选项[A)为正确答案。“A breakthrough could be expected／be introduced／competed by up to two decades”在意义上不通，故选项B.、C.和选项D.也不正确。

2．C.   细节题。文章第一段指出“A breakthrough．．．could be brought forward by up to two decades，if a modest increase could be provided in the EEC's research effort in this field．．．”，说明只要略微增加欧共体在利用太阳能方面的研究经费，就能使这方面的研究提前20年取得突破；同时文章第二段的最后一句话“But he said that with a modest increase in the present sums，devoted by the EEC to this work it was possible that the breakthrough could be achieved by the end of next decade．”又重申了研究经费的增加对实现这一突破的作用。因此[C)项 内容“(科学家们认为实现在太阳能研究上的突破依赖于)足够的经费 “为正确答案。文 章第三段最后一句话虽然提到"And he believes that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the Community's future energy needs．”但advanced technology的使用只是有可能增大欧共体所节约的能源费用的比例，也就是advanced technology的使用对这一变化起催化作用，而真正引起这一变化的还是足够的研究经费。所以选项A.不正确。选项B.“进一步的试    验”和选项[D广装备完善的实验室”文章中并未涉及到。

3．A. 细节题。本题询问根据西德科学家Mr. Gretz的观点，目前的科研预算能使科学家在研究太阳能方面做到什么。文章第二段的第一句“，．．Mr. Joachim Cretz，told journalists that at present levels of research spending it was unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three percent of the Community's energy requirements even after the year 2000．”明确说明按照目前的科研预算，即使是到了2000年后，太阳能也只能满足欧共体能源需要的3％不到。因此A.项内容“(使科学家)在2000年前为欧共体提供不足3％的对太阳能的需要 “符合文章内容。其他三项内容明显与文中第二段的第一句内容不符。

4．C. 细节题。本题需要根据文章内容判断四个选项内容的正确与否。文章第二段最后一句话But he said that with a modest increase in the present sums，…“was possible that the    breakthrough could be achieved by the end of the next decade．”说明只要略微增加投资的话F个10年结束时有可能实现突破。可见选项[A)符合本文的内容。文章第二段第一句话的内容“at present levels of research spending it was most unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three percent of the Community's energy requirements even after the year 2000．”说明按照目前的预算，即使到了2000年后，太阳能也只能满足欧共体不足3％的需要，选项B.的内容与其相符。文章最后一段“At present the EEC spends about $2．6 millions a year.......... a year in indirect research with universities and other independent bodies．”提到欧共体每年花在Ispra太阳能研究方面的费用是260万，而花在大学及其他独立机构进行间接研究的经费是300万，两项费用加起来就近600万。因此选项D.符合文章内容。而文章第三段的第一句话中尽管提到了a billion pounds和imported energy，这是说明为欧共体提供的3％不到的对太阳能的需求能使欧共体每年节约约10亿美元的进口能源的费用，而并不是说欧共体每年花在进口能源上的费用是10亿美元，故选项C.与文章内容不符。因此本题的正确答案是选项[C)。

5．D. 细节题。本题需要回答先进技术在太阳能研究方面的运用会带来什么样的影响。文章第三段的第二句话"And he believes that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the Community's future energy needs．”明确指出高新技术的运用能够满足将来欧共体对能源的更大需要，因此选项    D.“能够为欧共体将来对能源的需要提供更大的份额”符合文章内容，为正确答案。选项C.“使得有可能满足欧共体将来对能源的需要”，比较笼统，不如选项D.扣原文内容准确，因此选项[C)不是正确答案。而选项A.“能使得研究经费大大增加”及选项B.“(先进技术在太阳能研究方面的运用)使得进口石油成为不必要”是文章未涉及到的内容。