北京大学 考博英语 的词汇题部分共20道题，每道题1分，共20分。要求考生从所给的四个选项中选出可用在句中的最恰当词或词组，这部分主要测试考生掌握的词汇量，是否具备根据上下文对词和词组意义进行判断的能力以及对语法的应用能力。

词汇单选选择题主要分四大类型：一词多义，一个词既有核心意义，也有引申意义，例如economy，它的最常见义项是经济，但是它还有另外一个义项，节约、有效利用资源的意思。第二类是近义词辨析，例如 continuously 和 continually，两者都表示连接地，不断地，但两者的区别是前者表示再三、反复发生，后者强调连续地，不停歇地。辨析近义词不仅要牢固的掌握单词的意思，还需要熟读例句。第三类是近义词，考察的是考生对形近单词的分辨能力，如：adopt, adapt两个单词之间只相差一个字母，但意思却差别很大，adopt有采用方案，计划和收养孩子的意思。而adapt有适应环境，生活，改变剧本，文学作品等意思。第四类是词语搭配，如：take up, take off, take on, take over.分别是占据，起飞，承担工作，接管的意思。

从北京大学 考博英语词汇 题整体来看，考查的重点都放在了词汇量、词义辨析、词组搭配、语法知识等的运用方面。北京大学考博英语词汇部分的几种主要出题手段和实例分析：

北京大学考博英语词汇题的重点：

介词或词组的搭配

语法题

语法题包括对基本语法的掌握，如定语从句、虚拟语气的运用还需要掌握固定词组的搭配

例2010. Question 11. Only when faced with overwhelming evidence of being treated differently than the men who surrounded me , briefly, with the notion that I was different in gender-related ways from my male colleagues.

[A] that I dealt [B] I dealt [C] then I dealt [D] did I deal

北京大学考博英语词汇题的难点：

辨析题

辨析题又分为同义词辨析，同形词辨析、词形变化辨析和词组辨析

A、同义词辨析题

例2010 Question 20. The structure of the global economy that developing nations put all their efforts into raising cash- usually by exporting whatever virgin resources the industrial world might desire.

[A] dictates [B] regulates [C] allows [D] appeals

这类题的难度适中，要求考生能够分辨考题中出现的同义词的词义的区别。

B、同形词辨析题

例2010. Question 26. The manuscripts are still able to tell a lot about the author who charmed the world with his works several hundred years ago.

[A] extended [B] intent [C] extant [D] distant

C、词组辨析题

例2010. Question. 18. In time, the woman was persuaded to try this new form of discipline and to a failure to go to time out by the withdrawal of some privilege,

[A] back off [B] back up [C] back down [D] back with

D、词形变化辨析题

例2010. Question. 22. Some readers, especially children, find his works among the most books they have ever read.

[A] captivating [B] captivated [C] capturable [D] captious

这类题要求考生对词形变化和词性有所把握。对词形变化后的不同含义有所区分。常考的有like/likely，other/another, many/much, unlike/unlikely, likely/alike/likewise,

例：2009 Question 22. Long-term exposure to mass media portrayals of violence might make the audience insensitive or ______to real acts of violence.

[A] emotionally neutral [B] neutrally emotional

[C] emotionally mutual [D] mutually emotional

考生容易陷入的误区：很多考生知道词汇的重要性，它贯穿于整套试题，但是对于词汇的记忆很头疼，有的考生看到词汇辨析题便会选择直接放弃而更加去注重语法的学习，其实像北京大学的词汇语法题中并没有牵涉太多的语法，所以应该更加注重词汇的运用而不是盲目跟风。

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