Part One  Structure and Vocabulary (40%)
Directions: In this part there are two sections. In Section One, you are to choose from the four choices under each sentence the one which is similar in meaning to the underlined part of the sentence. And in Section Two, you are to choose the one that can best complete the sentence in question.
Section I (20%)
1. An important function of early stone tools was to extract highly nutritious food from plants.
A. destroy
B. identify
C. remove
D. compare
2. Regional planning deals with proposals concerning outlying communities and highways as well as with urban affairs.
A. outlandish
B. remote
C. exempted
D. exclusive
3. Potash and soda are not interchangeable for all purposes, but for glass- or soap-making either would do.
A. advantageous
B. convenient
C. identifiable
D. equivalent
4. With the dawn of space exploration, the notion that atmospheric conditions on Earth may be unique in the system was strengthened.
A. continuation
B. beginning
C. expansion
D. outcome
5. When the glaciers thawed after the last ice age, the five Great Lakes of North America were formed.
A. melted
B. advanced
C. evaporated
D. exploded
6. New York is a shopper’s paradise whether one wants to spend large sums of money in elegant department stores or rifle through goods displayed on street barrows.
A. a fortune
B. a little
C. much
D. quite lot
7. During the rainy season the Mississippi River may carry away hundreds of acres of valuable topsoil from one area and arbitrarily deposit it in another.
A. lawfully
B. subsequently
C. randomly
D. mercilessly
8. Over six million citizens of the United States collect benefits from private pension plans each year.
A. nongovernmental
B. unauthorized
C. confidential
D. nontransferable
9. Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world, the overwhelming majority are dormant.
A. uncharted
B. unpredictable
C. minor
D. inactive
10. The lymphatic system includes a network of tiny capillaries that lie adjacent to the fine blood vessels.
A. independent of
B. near
C. obscured by
D. within
11. One of California’s most acute problems is an inadequate water supply.
A. critical
B. unusual
C. persistent
D. important
12. It is estimated that at one time there existed from one to two thousand American Indian languages and at least as many cultures, each different in some respect from all the others.
A. prospect
B. stages
C. aspect
D. activity
13. The eardrum, a taut membrane located at the end of the ear canal, separates the outer ear from the inner ear.
A. lightly tinted
B. tightly stretched
C. somewhat opaque
D. delicately made
14. It was commonly felt that the purchase of Alaska by the United States in 1867 was foolish.
A. requiring
B. sending
C. buying
D. applying
15. In the Pacific Northwest, as climate and topography vary, so do the species that prevail in the forests.
A. dominate
B. rebuild
C. invade
D. tend
16. In frogs and toads, the tongue is fixed to the front of the mouth in order to facilitate projecting it at some distance, greatly aiding in the capture of insects.
A. projecting
B. aiding
C. capturing
D. fixed
17. Stars twinkle as a result of the turbulent state of the air through which their light passes.
A. in addition to
B. in spite of
C. because of
D. with regard to
18. Most meat-eating animals use their teeth to seize and kill prey.
A. attacker
B. nourishment
C. enemies
D. victims
19. It is ridiculous to become angry about such an insignificant matter.
A. absurd
B. sinful
C. tragic
D. unpardonable
20. How many people are aware that a dancer with New York City Ballet typically wears out a minimum of two hundred pairs of toe shoes per year?
A. only
B. at least
C. exactly
D. fewer than
Section II (20%)
21. Not until the eighteenth century ______ the complex chemistry of metallurgy.
A. when scientists began to appreciate
B. did scientists begin to appreciate
C. scientists who were beginning to appreciate
D. the appreciation of scientists began
22. Pewter, ______ for eating and drinking utensils in colonial America, is about ninety percent tin, with copper or bismuth added for hardness.
A. widely used it
B. was widely used
C. which widely used
D. widely used
23. Lyndon B. Johnson was the only United States President whose oath of office ______ by a woman, Judge Sarah Tilghman Hughes.
A. was administered
B. being directed
C. was accomplished
D. of administration was
24. Protein digestion begins in the stomach ______ ends in the small intestine.
A. when
B. while
C. and
D. because
25. ______ the growth of manufacturing and other industries, the economy of the state of Texas has remained heavily dependent on oil and gas.
A. As
B. Despite
C. Though
D. In case
26. Probably at about the same time speech ______, laughter originated too.
A. increased
B. brought about
C. evolved
D. resulted
27. The Capitol building in Washington, D.C., is ______ surrounded by a number of impressive government buildings.
A. located
B. secluded
C. formed
D. spotted
28. In earlier times there were more sheep in the South of New Zealand than in the North; now, ______ to cross-bred flocks, the reverse is the case.
A. in increase attention
B. with increasing attention
C. with attention increasing
D. in attention
29. Researchers ______ that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively.
A. have brought about
B. had set up
C. have established
D. had put up
30. Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and ______ where we "fit" in society.
A. to determine
B. determine
C. to the determination
D. by determining
31. If pollution continues to increase ______ the present rate, formation of aerosols in the atmosphere will cause the onset of an ice age in about fifty years’ time.
A. with
B. in
C. by
D. at
32. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters with ______ that there were fewer calories in every slice.
A. message
B. the message
C. messages
D. information
33. Americans view business ______ based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society.
A. being as more firmly
B. as more firmly
C. as being more firmly
D. as is more firmly
34. By 1872 the United States had 70 engineering colleges, ______ astonishing expansion credited largely to the Morrill Act of 1862.
A. was
B. because
C. to which
D. an
35. When used as food additives, antioxidants prevent fats and oils ______ rancid when exposed to air, and thus extend their shelf life.
A. from becoming
B. becoming
C. to
D. to becoming
36. Parents should realize that "example is better than ______."
A. statement
B. lesson
C. proverb
D. precept
37. Arabian camels are usually about 7 feet high and generally sandy-colored, ______ sometimes they are white, various shades of brown, or black.
A. but that
B. though
C. however
D. therefore
38. ______ they sometimes swim alone, dolphins usually congregate in large groups, often numbering in the hundreds.
A. Even
B. Why
C. Although
D. Nevertheless
39. ______ in the desert is mainly due to the limited supply of desert water.
A. Plants are widely spaced
B. The wide spacing of plants
C. The spacing of plants is wide
D. Plants to be spaced widely
40. Faults in the Earth’s crust are most evident in sedimentary formations, ______ interrupt previously continuous layers.
A. by which
B. which it
C. where they
D. thus it
Part Two  Translation
Section I  From English into Chinese (20%)
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.
(1) One of the most amazing of recent developments in technology is the thinking machine. We call it computer, the machine that solves problems by a process akin to thinking. (2) The famous mathematician and cyberneticist Wiener once said: "The earliest computers were looked upon as ultra-speed calculating machines which would relieve men of tedious arithmetic and by profiting by speed would do fantastic triumphs is the magnetized "mouse" which, when placed in a complicated maze consisting of partitions, is supposed to find the one and the only path to the "cheese." On the first try the mouse will stumble aimlessly around, running into one wall after another. Eventually, by repeated try and error, it will locate the cheese.
If the mouse is given a second try, it will go straight to the cheese without hitting a single blind alley. It will do it from any part of the maze. (3) Moreover, if its trainer changes the maze on it by relocating the partitions, the mouse blunders only where the partitions have become unfamiliar. It ignores at once those portions that have not changed. Eventually the mouse learns enough to forget all former arrangements and remember only the successful ones.
(4) The principle behind this reasoning process of the mouse seems quite clear. This little mechanical rodent has been endowed with capacity to distinguish right from wrong, and to revise its standards on the basis of its own experience.
(5) Probably the clearest difference between man and machine is a quantitative one. The brain has roughly a million times as many parts as the best computer. On the other hand, the difference may lie in a spiritual factor, embraced by religion. At any rate, machine cannot achieve any meaningful work without its man programmer.
Section II  From Chinese into English (20%)
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into English.
新疆生产建设兵团，是新疆维吾尔自治区的重要组成部分，承担着国家赋予的屯垦戍边职责。
(6) 今天，我们在新疆生产建设兵团看到的是一派祥和和一派丰收景象。在兵团里，每个人都为自己是兵团人而自豪。
(7) 兵团人在长期的屯垦戍边实践中，形成了“热爱祖国、无私奉献、艰苦创业、开拓进取”的兵团精神。这种精神已经成为兵团人宝贵的精神财富。
(8) 现在，第三代兵团人也已经开始加入这个行列，他们用自己的青春和汗水，继续书写着兵团的辉煌篇章。
(9) 兵团的发展，离不开国家的支持和全国人民的帮助。兵团人永远不会忘记那些曾经为兵团建设做出贡献的人们。
(10) 在新的历史时期，兵团人将继续发扬兵团精神，为新疆的稳定和发展做出新的更大贡献。
Part Three  Writing (20%)
Directions:
A. Title: THE EXAMINATION CHEATING
B. Time limit: 50 minutes
C. Word limit: 250 — 300 words
D. Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below.
E. Your composition should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
OUTLINE:
1. The problem of cheating in schools and colleges
2. Causes of examination cheating
3. My comments