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杭州师范学院硕士研究生入学考试命题纸 杭州师范学院硕士研究生入学考试命题纸
杭 州 师 范 学 院
2007 年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题
考试科目代码： 426
考试科目名称： 英语语言学和英语教学理论
2) In Saussure’s view, language is a system of signs, each of which consists of two parts: ________
(concept) and _________ (sound image).
3) Structural linguists realize a sentence does not only have a LINEAR structure, they also have a
____________ structure.
4) Chomsky thinks we should make a distinction between two levels of structures: DEEP and
_________ structures. The former may be defined as the abstract representation of syntactic properties
of a construction, the latter is the final stage in the syntactic derivation of a construction.
5) According to the perspective of Prague Linguistic Circle, apart from the analysis of a sentence in
terms of subject and predicate, there may also be a functional analysis in terms of THEME and
________.
6) Philosophers use __________, opposite to DENOTATION, to mean the properties of the entity a
word denotes.
7) Words are in different sense relations with each other. _________ is the technical name for the
sameness relation. Antonymy is the name for oppositeness relation. The ________ is of recent creation,
which has not found its way to some small dictionaries yet.
8)Austin’s first shot at the theory is the claim that there are two types of sentences: performatives and
constatives. And verbs like name are called __________.
9) To specify the theory of conversational implication, Grice introduced four categories of maxims.
They are Quantity, ________, Relation, and________.
10)When discussing computer-assisted language learning, we have first to make a distinction between
CAI and ________.
3.Define the following linguistic terms. (20 points)
1) “word”
2) “sentence”
3) the referential theory
4) sense relations
5) the types of morphemes
4. Different linguistic theories differ in their treatment of sentence structure. We know there are
four representative approaches to syntax, traditional approach, structural approach, generative
approach and functional approach. Discuss one of them. (20 points)
5.Through IC (Immediate Constituent) analysis, the internal structure of a sentence may be
demonstrated clearly, and ambiguities, if any, will be revealed. Please show the meanings for the
following sentences with tree diagrams. (15 points)
Sentence 1:Poor Mary ran away. (7 points)
Sentence 2:Leave the pen on the desk. (8 points)
说明：1、命题时请按有关说明填写清楚、完整；
2、命题时试题不得超过周围边框；
3、考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负；
4、除第二部分：英语教学理论部分的第二大题（回答问题）的第 4 小题外，其余全部
用英语答题。
5、
第一部分：英语语言学部分（80 分）
Test for Linguistics
1.Fill in one of the blanks with one of the following choices（10 points）
A) Linguistic competence; B) Morphology; C) Descriptive linguistics; D) Syntax; E) Creativity;
F) Assimilation; G) Psycholinguistics; H) A phoneme; I) Diachronic linguistics; J) Phonology
1) __________studies the way in which speakers of a language systematically use a selection of these
sounds in order to express meaning.
2)___________ studies the internal organization of words, that is the minimal units of meaning-
morphemes and word-formation process.
3)__________is about principles of forming and understanding correct English sentences.
4)__________is the smallest linguistic unit of sound that can signal a difference in meaning.
5)__________investigates the interrelation of language and mind, in processing and producing
utterances and in language acquisition for example.
6)__________refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sound, which
is more specifically called “contact” or “ contiguous” assimilation.
7)__________refers to a language user’s underlying knowledge about the system of rules.
8)__________refers to the study of a language through the course of its history.
9)__________refers to the study of describing how things are.
10)_________means language is resourceful because of its duality and its recursiveness.
2.Fill in the blanks with suitable linguistic terms. (15 points)
1) NUMBER is mostly a category of the noun and pronoun. ________is also mostly a category of the
noun and pronoun. ________ and _______ are two important categories of verb, and they were not
separated in traditional grammar.
2007 年 考试科目代码 426 考试科目名称 英语语言学和英语教学理论 （本考试科目共 3 页 本页第 1 页） 2007 年 考试科目代码 426 考试科目名称 英语语言学和英语教学理论 （本考试科目共 3 页 本页第 2 页）
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