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（注：因原始文档内容存在部分字符缺失、排版模糊情况，以下基于可识别信息整理核心题目，力求还原真题原貌）
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The ______ of the new technology has greatly improved the efficiency of our production line.
A. adoption B. adaptation C. affection D. addiction
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It is widely accepted that parents' behavior has a significant ______ on their children's personality development.
A. impact B. impulse C. impression D. implication
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______ he had finished his work, he went to the gym to relax himself.
A. As soon as B. As long as C. Even if D. In case
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The meeting ______ next Monday will focus on the improvement of the company's marketing strategy.
A. held B. to be held C. being held D. having been held
（文章节选：因原始文档内容模糊，基于考博英语常见题材补充核心主旨，确保题目逻辑完整）
Passage 1
In recent years, the concept of "sustainable development" has become a key topic in global environmental and economic discussions. Sustainable development is defined as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". This concept emphasizes the balance between economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity.
However, implementing sustainable development faces many challenges. One major challenge is the conflict between short-term economic interests and long-term environmental protection. For example, some industries may prioritize increasing production to gain immediate profits, which often leads to excessive resource consumption and environmental pollution. Another challenge is the uneven distribution of resources between developed and developing countries. Developed countries have already consumed a large amount of global resources in their industrialization process, while developing countries need more resources to promote their economic development, which may further exacerbate environmental problems.
Despite these challenges, there are also opportunities to promote sustainable development. The development of renewable energy technologies, such as solar and wind energy, provides a way to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and reduce carbon emissions. In addition, international cooperation plays a crucial role in addressing global environmental issues. Countries can share advanced technologies and experiences, and jointly formulate policies to promote sustainable development.
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What is the core idea of sustainable development according to the passage?
A. Prioritizing environmental protection over economic growth.
B. Meeting current needs without harming future generations' needs.
C. Promoting international cooperation to solve environmental problems.
D. Developing renewable energy to replace fossil fuels.
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What is one of the major challenges in implementing sustainable development?
A. The lack of advanced renewable energy technologies.
B. The conflict between short-term economic interests and long-term environmental protection.
C. The refusal of developed countries to share their technologies.
D. The inability of developing countries to reduce carbon emissions.
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答案：A
解析：本题考查名词词义辨析，需结合语境判断 “新技术的______” 与 “生产效率提升” 的逻辑关系。
- A. adoption：意为 “采用、采纳”，强调 “将新技术引入并使用”，代入语境 “新技术的采用极大提升了生产线效率”，符合逻辑；
- B. adaptation：意为 “适应、改编”，侧重 “调整以适应新环境或需求”，如 “技术的适应性改造”，与 “提升效率” 的直接因果关系较弱；
- C. affection：意为 “喜爱、情感”，为抽象情感名词，与 “技术”“效率” 无关联，排除；
- D. addiction：意为 “上瘾、沉迷”，含贬义，不符合 “提升效率” 的积极语境，排除。
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答案：A
解析：本题考查名词固定搭配及词义辨析，核心考点为 “对…… 有影响” 的常用表达。
- A. impact：常与介词 “on” 搭配，构成 “have an impact on”，意为 “对…… 产生影响”，代入语境 “父母行为对孩子人格发展有重要影响”，搭配与语义均正确；
- B. impulse：意为 “冲动、推动力”，常用搭配为 “impulse to do sth.”（做某事的冲动），不与 “on” 搭配，排除；
- C. impression：意为 “印象”，常用搭配为 “make an impression on”（给…… 留下印象），语义为 “留下印象”，与 “人格发展” 的逻辑不符，排除；
- D. implication：意为 “暗示、含义”，常用搭配为 “implication of sth.”（某事的含义），不与 “on” 搭配，且语义不符合 “影响” 的语境，排除。
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答案：A
解析：本题考查连词词义辨析，需判断前后句 “完成工作” 与 “去健身房放松” 的逻辑关系。
- A. As soon as：意为 “一…… 就……”，引导时间状语从句，强调 “前一动作完成后，后一动作立即发生”，代入语境 “他一完成工作就去健身房放松”，逻辑通顺；
- B. As long as：意为 “只要”，引导条件状语从句，强调 “满足某个条件才会发生某事”，如 “只要努力就会成功”，此处 “完成工作” 是 “去放松” 的时间前提而非条件，排除；
- C. Even if：意为 “即使”，引导让步状语从句，强调 “转折或让步”，如 “即使下雨也要出门”，与前后句的顺承关系不符，排除；
- D. In case：意为 “以防、万一”，引导目的状语从句，如 “带伞以防下雨”，此处无 “预防” 的语义，排除。
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答案：B
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语的用法，核心考点为 “会议” 与 “举办” 的逻辑关系及动作发生时间。
- 首先判断 “meeting”（会议）与 “hold”（举办）为被动关系，排除主动形式的选项；
- 再根据时间标志 “next Monday”（下周一），可知 “举办” 是 “未来将要发生的动作”：
- A. held：过去分词，表示 “已完成的被动动作”，如 “the meeting held yesterday”（昨天举办的会议），与 “next Monday” 矛盾，排除；
- B. to be held：不定式的被动式，表示 “将要发生的被动动作”，代入语境 “下周一将要举办的会议”，符合时间逻辑，正确；
- C. being held：现在分词的被动式，表示 “正在发生的被动动作”，如 “the meeting being held now”（正在举办的会议），与 “next Monday” 不符，排除；
- D. having been held：现在分词完成式的被动式，表示 “先于主句动作完成的被动动作”，如 “the meeting having been held last week”（上周已举办的会议），与 “未来时间” 矛盾，排除。
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答案：B
解析：本题考查细节理解，需定位文章中 “可持续发展” 的核心定义。
- 文章第一段明确提到 “sustainable development is defined as 'development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs'”，即 “满足当下需求，且不损害后代满足自身需求的能力”；
- A 选项 “优先环保而非经济增长” 与原文 “balance between economic growth and environmental protection”（经济增长与环保的平衡）不符，排除；
- C 选项 “促进国际合作解决环境问题” 是实现可持续发展的 “手段” 而非 “核心定义”，排除；
- D 选项 “发展可再生能源替代化石燃料” 是推动可持续发展的 “具体措施”，非核心概念，排除。
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答案：B
解析：本题考查细节定位，需找到文章中 “实施可持续发展的主要挑战”。
- 文章第二段明确指出 “One major challenge is the conflict between short-term economic interests and long-term environmental protection”，即 “短期经济利益与长期环保之间的冲突”，与 B 选项完全一致；
- A 选项 “缺乏先进可再生能源技术” 与原文第三段 “the development of renewable energy technologies provides a way...”（可再生能源技术已有所发展）不符，排除；
- C 选项 “发达国家拒绝分享技术” 原文未提及，原文仅提到 “资源分配不均”，排除；
- D 选项 “发展中国家无法减少碳排放” 原文未提及，原文强调 “发展中国家需更多资源可能加剧环境问题”，而非 “无法减排”，排除。
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