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Intellect is to the mind ______ sight is to the body.
A. what B. which C. that D. like
- 语法考点:固定比喻句型 “A is to B what C is to D”,意为 “A 对 B 而言,就如同 C 对 D 而言”,用于类比两者的对应关系。
- 选项分析:
- A. what:是该固定句型的专用连接词,符合 “智力与心灵” 和 “视觉与身体” 的类比逻辑,正确;
- B. which:常用于定语从句,指代前文名词,此处无指代对象,排除;
- C. that:可引导定语从句或名词性从句,不用于该类比句型,排除;
- D. like:作介词时表 “像…… 一样”,需搭配介词结构(如 “like sight to the body”),无法连接两个完整分句,排除。
- 例句拓展:“Air is to man what water is to fish.”(空气对人而言,如同水对鱼一样重要),可辅助记忆该句型用法。
If you keep getting wrong numbers, your phone could be ______.
A. deceptive B. ineffective C. deficient D. defective
- 词汇含义辨析:
- A. deceptive:意为 “欺骗性的”,侧重 “误导他人”,如 “a deceptive advertisement”(虚假广告),与 “电话出错” 无关,排除;
- B. ineffective:意为 “无效的”,侧重 “无法达到预期效果”,如 “an ineffective policy”(无效政策),不用于描述设备故障,排除;
- C. deficient:意为 “缺乏的”,侧重 “缺少必要成分”,如 “vitamin-deficient”(缺乏维生素的),与电话功能故障不符,排除;
- D. defective:意为 “有缺陷的;故障的”,侧重 “设备、产品存在质量问题或功能故障”,符合 “电话持续拨错号” 的语境,正确。
- 语境验证:“getting wrong numbers” 暗示电话本身存在功能缺陷,defective 精准匹配 “设备故障” 的语义,是唯一符合逻辑的选项。
The word "extras" used in this story means people who ______.
A. play unimportant part in a film
B. have little experience of acting
C. pretend to be film star
D. need a part-time job
- 定位原文:第一段提到 “我被选中扮演精神医院病人”,后文描述 “13 名临时演员主要是家庭主妇”“Alice 假装用头撞墙”“Veronica 扫地” 等,均为影片中无核心剧情、无过多台词的次要角色。
- 选项分析:
- A. “在电影中扮演不重要的角色”,与原文中临时演员的戏份描述完全一致,“extras” 在影视语境中本身即 “临时演员、群众演员”,正确;
- B. “几乎没有表演经验”:原文未提及演员的经验水平,仅说明身份多为家庭主妇,排除;
- C. “假装是电影明星”:与原文 “我曾梦想当明星,但临时演员角色让我热情减退” 相悖,排除;
- D. “需要兼职工作”:原文未提及临时演员的工作目的是 “兼职”,属于无中生有,排除。
- 解题关键:结合影视行业术语含义和原文对角色的描述,锁定 “次要角色” 这一核心语义。
After her husband's death, the mother found it very hard to ______.
A. handle the emotional shock
B. face the terrible loneliness
C. keep harmony of the family
D. fulfill a male role in the house
- 定位原文:第二段提到 “那些本该是丈夫的工作(修漏水的水龙头、换机油、烧烤),我每次用锤子砸到拇指或启动不了割草机时都很尴尬”“我缺乏工具和技能,如何既能当爸又能当妈?”。
- 选项分析:
- A. “应对情感冲击”:原文提及 “情感困惑”,但核心难点集中在 “男性负责的家务和技能”,排除;
- B. “面对可怕的孤独”:原文未强调 “孤独”,而是 “无法承担男性角色的实务工作”,排除;
- C. “维持家庭和谐”:原文未提及家庭关系不和谐,仅说自己缺乏男性角色的技能,排除;
- D. “承担家中的男性角色”:与 “丈夫的工作”“当爸又当妈”“缺乏工具和技能” 直接对应,正确。
- 解题关键:抓住原文中 “男性专属工作” 的具体例子,明确母亲的核心困境是 “替代男性角色处理相关事务”。
Tom transferred to our school last year. He hung on Miss Young's every word in class and soon became the apple of her eye.
汤姆去年转入了我们学校。他在杨老师的课上专心致志地听每一句话,很快就成了她最疼爱的学生。
- 短语精准翻译:
- “hung on Miss Young's every word”:字面意为 “抓住杨老师的每一个字”,意译为 “专心致志地听每一句话”,贴合 “上课认真听讲” 的语境;
- “the apple of her eye”:固定习语,意为 “某人的掌上明珠;最疼爱的人”,不直译 “她眼中的苹果”,符合中文表达习惯。
- 句式流畅性:
- 两个分句保持时间先后逻辑,译文用 “很快” 衔接,自然体现 “因认真听讲而受喜爱” 的因果关系,无语序生硬问题。
It is a complete misconception that the poor do not need compulsory education because they do not even have enough to feed on. But without education, how can people ever overcome their poverty?
认为穷人连温饱都难以维持就不需要义务教育,这完全是一种错误的观念。但如果没有教育,人们又怎能摆脱贫困呢?
- 句式优化:
- 原文 “it is a complete misconception that...” 为主语从句,译文调整为 “认为…… 是错误的观念”,符合中文 “先亮观点,后解释” 的表达逻辑;
- 反问句 “how can people ever overcome their poverty?” 译为 “人们又怎能摆脱贫困呢?”,保留反问语气,强化 “教育对脱贫的重要性” 的语义。
- 词汇准确:
- “compulsory education” 译为 “义务教育”,为固定教育术语;
- “have enough to feed on” 译为 “温饱都难以维持”,比直译 “没有足够的食物” 更贴合 “贫困” 的语境;
- “overcome their poverty” 译为 “摆脱贫困”,符合中文脱贫相关表述习惯。
- 开篇点题:明确互联网的一大主要缺点是 “易让人沉迷”,尤其对成年人和青少年的生活产生负面影响,呼应现代社会对网络依赖的普遍担忧。
- 核心论点展开:
- 论点一:互联网内容繁杂且具强吸引力,导致用户失控浪费时间。例如,本想搜索学习资料,却被弹窗广告、娱乐新闻吸引,最终偏离初衷,消耗大量时间筛选无效信息;
- 论点二:对青少年的危害尤为严重。青少年自控力较弱,易沉迷网络游戏、网络聊天等,荒废学业、影响身心健康,甚至出现社交障碍。
- 结尾总结:尽管互联网为生活提供了诸多便利,但 “易沉迷” 这一缺点不可忽视。我们需提高自控力,合理规划上网时间,让互联网真正服务于生活,而非成为时间的 “吞噬者”。
A Major Disadvantage of the Internet
The Internet has become an indispensable part of modern life, but its potential drawbacks cannot be ignored. Among them, the most prominent one is its strong tendency to make people addicted, which undermines both productivity and well-being.
Firstly, the Internet’s abundant and distracting content makes it hard for users to stay focused. Many people intend to search for useful information, but end up clicking through irrelevant links, such as entertainment news or interesting videos. For instance, a student planning to research academic materials may accidentally enter a game website and spend hours playing, completely forgetting their original purpose. The disorganized information and attractive distractions often lead to time wastage and reduced efficiency. Secondly, adolescents are more vulnerable to Internet addiction. Due to their immature self-control, they easily get obsessed with online games or social media, neglecting their studies and physical health. Reports show that an increasing number of teenagers suffer from poor eyesight and social isolation because of excessive Internet use.
In conclusion, while the Internet brings great convenience, its addictive nature is a significant disadvantage. To mitigate this problem, individuals should enhance self-discipline and set reasonable time limits for online activities. Only by using the Internet wisely can we avoid being controlled by it and fully leverage its benefits.
- 主题契合:紧扣 “互联网的一大缺点(易沉迷)” 展开,论点明确,无偏离;
- 论证充分:通过 “成年人浪费时间”“青少年沉迷影响身心” 两个具体维度支撑观点,结合实例增强说服力;
- 语言规范:使用 “undermines”“vulnerable”“mitigate” 等学术性词汇,句式多样(含定语从句、状语从句),符合考博英语写作的正式性要求,字数控制在 220 词左右,符合题干限制。
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