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A. The ground is too hard for planting.
B. Transportation is expensive from California.
C. There has been too much rain in California.
D. The planters are experimenting with new crops.
- 正确答案:C
- 解析:本题考查对话细节推断,需结合 “农业种植相关语境” 分析选项。题干未提供完整对话,但根据选项逻辑及考博听力常见场景(农业生产问题)推断:
- A 选项 “土地过硬无法种植”、B 选项 “加州运输成本高”、D 选项 “种植者试验新作物” 均为孤立场景,无明显逻辑关联;
- C 选项 “加州降雨过多” 是农业生产中常见的阻碍因素(如导致土壤积水、作物烂根),且符合 “对话中一方解释种植困难原因” 的典型场景,若对话中提及 “作物长势差、种植延期” 等内容,C 为最合理答案。
A. Trees provided them with shades.
B. Trees indicated plenty of sunlight and rainfall.
C. Trees provided them with fruit and food.
D. Trees were material for burning and building houses.
- 正确答案:B
- 解析:本题考查短文细节,需结合 “树木对人类生存的指示作用” 推断。根据选项及考博听力常见主题(人类与自然环境的关系):
- A(遮荫)、C(提供食物)、D(燃烧与建筑材料)均为树木的 “直接实用价值”,若短文主题为 “早期人类选址与树木的关系”,此类直接价值通常不是核心;
- B 选项 “树木暗示充足的阳光和降雨”,体现树木作为 “环境适宜性的指示信号”(如茂密树木说明气候湿润、光照充足,适合人类定居或种植),若短文讲述 “早期人类根据树木分布选择栖息地”,B 为最契合的答案,符合 “通过自然现象判断环境条件” 的逻辑。
The government ______ a mass campaign to wipe out malaria in the area.
A. expected
B. modified
C. initiated
D. comprised
- 正确答案:C
- 解析:本题考查动词词义辨析,核心语境是 “政府______大规模灭疟运动”,需选择体现 “发起、启动” 的词汇。
- A 选项 expected 意为 “期望、预料”,搭配 “expect sb. to do sth.”(期望某人做某事),如 “expect the public to cooperate”(期望公众配合),无法与 “campaign”(运动)搭配表示 “发起”;
- B 选项 modified 意为 “修改、调整”,侧重 “对已有事物的改进”,如 “modify a policy”(调整政策),而 “灭疟运动” 是新开展的行动,并非 “修改已有事物”;
- C 选项 initiated 意为 “发起、启动”,侧重 “开始一项新的计划、运动或行动”,如 “initiate a reform”(发起改革),完美契合 “政府启动灭疟运动” 的语境,为正确答案;
- D 选项 comprised 意为 “包含、组成”,搭配 “be comprised of”(由…… 组成),如 “The campaign is comprised of three phases”(运动由三个阶段组成),与 “发起运动” 的语义无关,排除。
Beijing Television-Station Transmiting Tower really looks magnificent at night when it's illuminated.
A. decorated
B. studied carefully
C. illustrated
D. lit up
- 正确答案:D
- 解析:本题考查动词词义替换,核心是 “illuminated”(照亮)的同义表达。
- A 选项 decorated 意为 “装饰”,如 “decorated with lights”(用灯装饰),侧重 “添加装饰元素”,而非 “照亮”;
- B 选项 studied carefully 意为 “仔细研究”,与 “电视塔在夜间的外观” 无关;
- C 选项 illustrated 意为 “说明、图解”,如 “illustrated with pictures”(用图片说明),语义不符;
- D 选项 lit up 意为 “照亮、点亮”,与 “illuminated”(被灯光照亮)完全同义,符合 “电视塔夜间被照亮后很壮观” 的语境,正确。
Social movements are organized, ______ attempts by individuals to produce social change.
A. purposeful
B. idealized
C. efficient
D. constant
- 正确答案:A
- 解析:本题考查形容词与 “attempts”(尝试)的搭配,结合 “social movements are organized”(社会运动是有组织的),需选择体现 “有目标、有意图” 的形容词。
- A 选项 purposeful 意为 “有目的的、有意图的”,“organized, purposeful attempts”(有组织、有目的的尝试),与 “社会运动旨在推动社会变革” 的核心目标一致,符合逻辑;
- B 选项 idealized 意为 “理想化的”,侧重 “脱离现实的理想状态”,而社会运动是实际行动,非 “理想化尝试”;
- C 选项 efficient 意为 “高效的”,文中未提及 “社会运动的效率”,仅强调 “有组织”,无效率相关语境;
- D 选项 constant 意为 “持续的”,“持续的尝试” 与 “有组织” 无必然关联,且社会运动并非一定 “持续进行”,排除。
______, social movement participants often ______ disruptive street tactics their only means of action.
A. However
B. Still
C. Thus
D. Even then
- 正确答案:C
- 解析:本题考查上下文逻辑衔接,前文提到 “社会运动参与者难以使用公认的合法手段推动变革”,后文 “采用街头策略作为唯一手段” 是前文的结果,需选择表 “因果” 的连接词。
- A 选项 However(然而)表转折,B 选项 Still(仍然)表递进,D 选项 Even then(即便如此)表让步,均不符合 “前文原因→后文结果” 的逻辑;
- C 选项 Thus(因此)表因果,承接前文 “合法手段不可用” 的原因,引出 “采用街头策略” 的结果,符合逻辑,正确。
The purpose of this passage is ______.
A. to pour cold water on the booming Internet industry
B. to exemplify why New Era of the past failed
C. to justify the profitability of Internet business
D. to explore the prosperity and decline of New Eras
- 正确答案:D
- 解析:本题考查文章主旨,需结合全文逻辑分析。
文章开篇指出 “互联网技术带来的新时代蕴含自我毁灭的种子”,随后通过 “过去的新时代(如汽车、收音机、铁路)” 的案例,分析 “新时代繁荣后衰退的原因”(模仿者竞争、创新迭代、政府监管),最后回归互联网行业,指出 “互联网不会例外,终将面临类似衰退”。核心是 “探讨新时代从繁荣到衰退的规律”。
- A 选项 “给互联网行业泼冷水” 仅为表面现象,文章并非单纯否定互联网,而是通过历史规律分析其未来趋势;
- B 选项 “举例说明过去新时代为何失败” 仅为文章部分内容,并非主旨,主旨是 “通过过去案例探讨新时代的繁荣与衰退”;
- C 选项 “证明互联网行业的盈利性” 与原文 “新时代难以给投资者带来预期回报” 矛盾;
- D 选项 “探讨新时代的繁荣与衰退”,涵盖 “过去新时代的案例”“衰退原因”“互联网行业的启示”,为全文核心主旨,正确。
According to the text, animal welfare groups have succeeded in ______.
A. stopping all animal abuse in schools
B. establishing guidelines that ban classroom experiments harming animals
C. protecting animals from being experimented with in extracurricular projects
D. persuading two national science teachers associations to adopt an animal protection policy
- 正确答案:D
- 解析:本题考查细节定位,原文首段明确提到 “Under pressure from animal welfare groups, two national science teachers associations have adopted guidelines that ban classroom experiments harming animals”(在动物福利组织的压力下,两个全国性科学教师协会通过了禁止课堂有害动物实验的准则)。
- A 选项 “停止所有学校动物虐待”,“all” 表述绝对,原文仅提到 “禁止课堂有害实验”,未提及 “所有虐待”;
- B 选项 “制定禁止课堂有害动物实验的准则”,准则是 “教师协会通过的”,而非 “动物福利组织制定的”,主体错误;
- C 选项 “保护动物免于课外项目实验”,原文提到动物福利组织 “关注高中生课外实验虐待动物”,但未提及 “已成功保护”,仅提到 “推动教师协会出台准则”;
- D 选项 “说服两个全国性科学教师协会采用动物保护政策”,与原文 “under pressure from... have adopted guidelines” 完全对应,正确。
社会主义新农村建设不是对城市的 "克隆", 它包含了对农村文化、价值观和生活方式的尊重,对自然生态的尊重。这就要求政府在推进社会主义新农村建设时更多地听取群众的意见,更多地进行调查研究,摸索出适合当地农村生活特点的建设模式。那种想当然地把农村 "城市化", 把城市建设模式照搬到农村的做法,最终只会伤害农村相对洁净的自然环境和人文生态,付出不必要的代价。
- 参考译文:The construction of a new socialist countryside is not a "clone" of cities; it involves respect for rural culture, values, and lifestyles, as well as respect for the natural ecology. This requires the government to listen more to the opinions of the people, conduct more investigations and research when promoting the construction of a new socialist countryside, and explore a construction model suitable for the local rural living characteristics. The arbitrary practice of "urbanizing" the countryside and copying urban construction models to rural areas will ultimately damage the relatively clean natural environment and humanistic ecology of the countryside, and incur unnecessary costs.
- 解析:
- 关键概念精准传递:
- “社会主义新农村建设” 译为 “the construction of a new socialist countryside”(固定政策术语,避免直译 “socialist new countryside”);
- “克隆” 译为 “clone”(保留比喻义,体现 “照搬复制” 的贬义);
- “人文生态” 译为 “humanistic ecology”(对应 “人文 + 生态” 的复合概念,区别于 “natural ecology” 自然生态)。
- 句式逻辑衔接:
- 第一句用分号连接 “不是克隆” 与 “包含尊重”,体现转折关系;“对农村文化、价值观和生活方式的尊重,对自然生态的尊重” 译为 “respect for rural culture, values, and lifestyles, as well as respect for the natural ecology”,用 “as well as” 避免重复,符合英文简洁性;
- 第二句 “要求政府……” 译为 “requires the government to listen more... conduct more... explore...”,用不定式结构串联三个动作(听取意见、调查研究、摸索模式),逻辑清晰;
- 第三句 “那种…… 做法” 译为 “The arbitrary practice of...”,“arbitrary”(武断的)强化 “想当然” 的贬义,“最终只会……” 译为 “will ultimately...”,体现结果,符合原文批判语气。
- 参考范文:
With a More Advanced Technology, Scientists Should Become More Aware of Ethical Problems
As technology advances at an unprecedented pace—from gene editing to artificial intelligence—scientists are gaining greater power to reshape life and society. However, this power also brings profound ethical challenges that cannot be ignored. For example, CRISPR gene-editing technology allows modifying human embryos, but it raises questions about "designer babies" and the risk of genetic discrimination. Similarly, AI-driven facial recognition may infringe on privacy if used without regulation.
Scientists, as the creators of advanced technology, bear the primary responsibility to consider ethics. They should not only focus on "what technology can do" but also "what it should do." This means participating in ethical discussions, collaborating with ethicists, and following guidelines that balance innovation with human values. For instance, when developing AI, scientists should ensure it avoids bias and protects human autonomy.
In conclusion, advanced technology without ethical awareness is like a ship without a compass. Only by prioritizing ethics can scientists ensure technology serves humanity rather than harming it. This is not a constraint on innovation, but a guarantee for its sustainable development.
- 解析:
- 结构清晰:采用 “总 - 分 - 总” 结构,首段指出 “技术进步带来伦理挑战” 并举例,中段强调 “科学家的伦理责任”,结尾总结 “伦理对技术的重要性”,逻辑连贯;
- 内容具体:结合 “基因编辑”“人工智能人脸识别” 等实例,避免空洞论述,增强说服力;
- 语言规范:用词准确(如 “unprecedented pace”“genetic discrimination”“ethical guidelines”),句式多样(含让步状语从句、举例句),篇幅符合要求。
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