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This ________ book was widely discussed but whether it was read by artists I leave to further research.
A. common B. controversial C. universal D. primary
- 词汇含义及语境匹配:
- A. common:意为 “普通的;常见的”,如 “common mistakes”(常见错误),若书籍 “普通”,无需 “广泛讨论”,语义矛盾,排除;
- B. controversial:意为 “有争议的”,符合 “被广泛讨论但艺术家是否阅读仍需研究” 的语境,“有争议” 是引发广泛讨论的核心原因,正确;
- C. universal:意为 “普遍的;通用的”,如 “universal rules”(普遍规则),与 “是否被艺术家阅读” 的探讨无关,排除;
- D. primary:意为 “主要的;初级的”,如 “primary education”(初等教育),无法体现 “被广泛讨论” 的属性,排除。
- 解题关键:抓住 “widely discussed” 这一关键信息,锁定 “有争议的” 这一核心语义。
John _____ now for the light in his room is still on.
A. must study B. must be studying C. must have studied D. would have studied
- 语法考点:情态动词表推测(现在进行时)。
- 逻辑分析:题干 “房间灯还亮着” 是当前的证据,推测 “约翰此刻正在学习”,需用 “must be doing” 表示对 “当前正在发生的动作” 的肯定推测。
- 选项分析:
- A. must study:表示 “必须学习”(义务)或 “肯定会学习”(一般情况),不表示 “当前正在进行”,排除;
- B. must be studying:精准对应 “对当前动作的肯定推测”,符合 “灯亮→正在学习” 的逻辑,正确;
- C. must have studied:表示 “肯定已经学习过了”(对过去动作的推测),与 “now” 矛盾,排除;
- D. would have studied:是虚拟语气,表 “本会学习却没学”,与题干事实依据无关,排除。
- 拓展提示:“must + 不同时态” 的核心区别:must do(一般情况推测)、must be doing(当前动作推测)、must have done(过去动作推测)。
Mom decided to go home because _____________.
A. she wanted to receive end-of-life care at home
B. it was Mother's Day, and she missed her family
C. hospital treatment produced no effect
D. the family could not afford the medical fees
- 定位原文:首段妈妈说 “治疗已经争取了一些时间,现在该回家‘料理事务’”,后文补充 “临终的‘正事’最好在家做,而非重症监护室,真正的‘正事’是重申赋予生命意义的人际关系”。
- 选项分析:
- A. “想在家接受临终护理” 与 “临终的‘正事’最好在家做” 直接对应,正确;
- B. “母亲节想家”:原文母亲节是探望时间,并非回家的原因,排除;
- C. “治疗无效”:原文妈妈明确说治疗 “争取了时间”,并非无效,排除;
- D. “负担不起医疗费”:原文未提及经济问题,无中生有,排除。
- 解题关键:聚焦妈妈的核心诉求 ——“料理临终正事”,即在家完成生命最后阶段的重要事(维系人际关系),而非单纯 “回家”。
Why is there a crisis in higher education?
A. Other professions are more attractive.
B. It is too difficult for people to acquire a Ph.D.
C. People can't get expected pay off from higher education.
D. People think it’s too long for them to acquire academic credentials.
- 定位原文:第五段首句 “高等教育回报的侵蚀本身引发了教育危机”,后文解释 “职业培训 6-12 个月的工作薪资,不亚于甚至高于硕士、博士学历对应的工作薪资”。
- 选项分析:
- A. “其他职业更有吸引力”:原文强调 “薪资回报”,而非 “职业本身吸引力”,排除;
- B. “拿博士学位太难”:原文未提及难度问题,排除;
- C. “人们无法从高等教育中获得预期回报” 与 “回报的侵蚀”“薪资不如职业培训” 完全对应,正确;
- D. “获取学历时间太长”:原文未抱怨时间长度,核心矛盾是 “时间成本与薪资回报不匹配”,排除。
- 解题关键:抓住 “pay off”(回报)这一核心,理解 “危机” 的本质是 “投入与回报失衡”。
Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. (Francis Bacon)
读书使人充实,讨论使人机敏,写作使人严谨。
- 句式优化:
- 原文为排比结构,译文保留 “X 使人 Y” 的对称句式,符合中文表达习惯;
- 省略重复动词 “makes”,避免直译 “读书使一个充实的人” 的生硬感。
- 词汇精准:
- “full” 译为 “充实”,侧重 “知识渊博、内心丰富”,比 “完整” 更贴合语境;
- “ready” 译为 “机敏”,体现 “讨论中反应迅速、应对自如” 的含义;
- “exact” 译为 “严谨”,突出 “写作要求精准、细致” 的核心,符合培根名言的深层内涵。
孔子 -- 中国最伟大的圣人 -- 是一位非常了不起的人物。他真实而渊博。他是一位学习者,也是一位教导者。
Confucius—the greatest sage of China—is an extraordinary figure. He was genuine and erudite, a learner as well as an educator.
- 术语规范:
- “圣人” 译为 “sage”(特指 “有智慧、有德行的贤哲”),比 “wise man” 更贴合儒家文化语境;
- “教导者” 译为 “educator”(教育者),比 “teacher” 更具文化深度,契合孔子 “万世师表” 的身份。
- 句式流畅:
- 合并重复主语 “他”,将后两句整合为 “was genuine and erudite, a learner as well as an educator”,避免英文句子冗长;
- 破折号保留原文的解释说明功能,符合英文标点习惯。
- 开篇点题:明确赞同 “娱乐性阅读比看电视更能培养想象力和语言能力”,核心原因在于阅读的 “主动性” 与电视的 “被动性” 差异。
- 核心论点展开:
- 论点一:阅读培养想象力。阅读仅提供文字描述,需读者主动构建场景、人物形象,如读小说时自行想象角色神态与故事场景;而电视直接呈现画面,无需读者动脑,想象力难以得到锻炼。
- 论点二:阅读提升语言能力。阅读接触规范、优美的书面语,可积累词汇、学习句式逻辑;电视语言多为口语化表达,且观众被动接收,缺乏对语言的深度思考与吸收。
- 结尾总结:娱乐性阅读通过 “主动参与” 激活想象力,通过 “语言输入的优质性” 提升语言技能,优于电视的被动接收模式。我们应多参与阅读,在享受乐趣的同时实现能力提升。
Reading for Pleasure: Superior to Watching TV in Ability Development
I fully agree that reading for pleasure is more effective than watching TV in developing imagination and language skills. The fundamental difference between the two lies in the level of audience participation—reading requires active engagement, while TV viewing is largely passive.
Firstly, reading fosters imagination more effectively. When reading a novel or a storybook, readers can only rely on words to construct scenes, characters, and plots in their minds. For example, when reading about a magical forest, each reader will imagine unique trees, animals, and atmospheres based on their own experiences. This process of active construction greatly stimulates the imagination. In contrast, TV presents ready-made images directly to the audience. Viewers do not need to think or imagine; they just passively accept the pictures on the screen, so their imagination remains underdeveloped.
Secondly, reading is better for improving language skills. Good reading materials, such as literary works and essays, contain standardized, precise, and vivid language. Readers can accumulate rich vocabulary, learn diverse sentence structures, and understand logical expression through reading. However, TV programs mainly use colloquial language, which is simple and repetitive. Viewers rarely pay attention to the details of language when watching TV, making it difficult to improve their language proficiency.
In conclusion, reading for pleasure enables people to actively use their brains, thus better developing imagination and language skills. Watching TV, although entertaining, cannot replace the educational value of reading. We should cultivate the habit of reading for pleasure to enhance our abilities while enjoying the fun of reading.
- 主题契合:紧扣 “阅读比看电视更能培养想象力和语言能力” 的核心,论点明确,无偏离;
- 论证充分:结合 “想象森林场景”“书面语与口语差异” 等具体例子,增强说服力;
- 语言规范:使用 “fosters”“colloquial”“proficiency” 等学术词汇,句式包含定语从句、状语从句,符合考博英语写作的正式性要求,字数约 220 词,满足题干限制。
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