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考博英语是博士研究生入学核心考核科目，西安建筑科技大学 2014 年考博英语涵盖词汇语法、阅读理解、完形填空、翻译、写作五大模块，重点考查学术英语理解、语言综合应用与主题思辨能力。以下为该真题精选样本及高分答案详解，供考生参考答题逻辑与核心考点。若需完整的英语考博真题、专业课考博真题及深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购，助力高效备考。
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In general, the British people belong to one of the more affluent countries of Europe and enjoy a high standard of living compared to the rest of the world.
A. plentiful B. powerful C. friendly D. wealthy
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What a nice day! How about the three of us______a walk in the park nearby?
A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking
The most noticeable trend among today's media companies is vertical integration -- an attempt to control several related aspects of the media business at once, each part helping the other. Besides publishing magazines and books, Time Warner, for example, owns Home Box Office (HBO), Warner movie studios, various cable TV systems throughout the United States and CNN as well. The Japanese company Matsushita owns MCA Records and Universal Studios and manufactures broadcast production equipment.
To describe the financial status of today's media is also to talk about acquisitions. The media are buying and selling each other in unprecedented numbers and forming media groups to position themselves in the marketplace to maintain and increase their profits.
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What do Time Warner and Matsushita have in common?
A. They both belong to Rupert Murdoch.
B. They are both big American media corporations.
C. They are both outlets of differing viewpoints and innovative ideas.
D. They both own several different but related media businesses.
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Which of the following is true of the media?
A. They used to sell and buy each other in great numbers.
B. They are trading each other in greater numbers today.
C. They used to be controlled by two networks-- ABC and NBC.
D. They have stopped the trend of acquisitions in the 1990s.
世界上没有绝对平坦的路，也没有绝对平坦的人生。"一帆风顺"、"心想事成" 只是人们对美好生活的愿望。人正是在认识挫折，战胜挫折的过程中成长起来的，可以说挫折是生命的一部分。
Directions: Some people believe that studying in a college or university is the best way for students to prepare for their future career. Others think they should leave school as soon as possible to develop their career through work experience. What's your point of view? Write a composition of no less than 250 words.
- 考点定位：本题考查形容词词义辨析，聚焦语义匹配，是词汇部分的基础考点。
- 答案详解：划线词 “affluent” 意为 “富裕的；富足的”。四个选项中，A. plentiful（丰富的，侧重数量多）；B. powerful（强大的）；C. friendly（友好的）；D. wealthy（富裕的，侧重财富多）。结合语境 “高生活水平”，“affluent” 与 “wealthy” 语义一致，故选 [D]。
- 考点定位：本题考查固定搭配，是语法部分的核心考点，聚焦 “how about” 的用法。
- 答案详解：“how about” 后接名词或动名词形式，表示 “…… 怎么样”，用于提出建议。此处 “the three of us” 是逻辑主语，后接动名词 “taking”，故选 [C]。其他选项不符合该固定搭配的语法要求，故排除。
- 考点定位：本题考查细节推理，是阅读理解部分的核心考点，考查对案例共性的精准提炼。
- 答案详解：原文提到 “垂直整合” 是媒体公司的显著趋势，即 “同时控制媒体业务的多个相关方面”，随后以时代华纳（拥有杂志、电视网、电影工作室等）和松下（拥有唱片公司、电影制片厂、广播设备制造）为例，说明二者均拥有多个不同但相关的媒体业务，故选 [D]。
[A]“均属于鲁珀特・默多克”、[B]“均为美国大型媒体公司”（松下是日本公司）、[C]“均为不同观点和创新想法的传播渠道” 均未在原文提及，故排除。
- 考点定位：本题考查细节判断，是阅读理解部分的基础考点，考查对原文信息的精准核对。
- 答案详解：原文明确提到 “The media are buying and selling each other in unprecedented numbers”，“unprecedented numbers” 意为 “空前的数量”，即如今媒体公司相互交易的数量更多，故选 [B]。
[A]“过去大量相互买卖” 与原文 “空前数量” 不符；[C]“过去受 ABC 和 NBC 两家网络控制” 原文未提及；[D]“20 世纪 90 年代停止并购趋势” 与原文 “并购趋势在 90 年代持续” 相悖，故排除。
There is no absolutely smooth road in the world, nor is there an entirely smooth life. "Smooth sailing" and "all wishes coming true" are merely people's aspirations for a better life. It is precisely in the process of recognizing and overcoming setbacks that people grow up; it can be said that setbacks are an integral part of life.
- 考点定位：本题考查哲理类文本汉译英，核心考查句式连贯、习语精准及逻辑清晰，是翻译部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
- 习语精准：“一帆风顺” 译为 “smooth sailing”（标准译法），“心想事成” 译为 “all wishes coming true”，贴合原文寓意；“认识挫折，战胜挫折” 译为 “recognizing and overcoming setbacks”，动宾搭配规范。
- 句式优化：将中文并列否定句 “没有…… 也没有……” 译为 “no...nor...” 结构，符合英文表达习惯；“人正是在…… 成长起来的” 采用强调句型 “it is precisely in the process...that...”，突出核心逻辑；“可以说” 译为 “it can be said that”，自然衔接观点。
- 语义完整：保留 “挫折是生命的一部分” 的核心语义，用 “an integral part” 强调 “不可或缺”，贴合原文内涵。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦教育与职业类议论文写作，核心考查对 “大学学习与工作经验对职业准备的重要性” 的辩证分析能力，是考博英语写作的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
Studying in College: The Optimal Preparation for Future Careers
The debate over whether college education or early work experience is better for career preparation has aroused widespread attention. While work experience can bring practical skills, I firmly believe that studying in a college or university is the most effective way to lay a solid foundation for future careers.
Firstly, college provides systematic professional knowledge that is indispensable for long-term career development. Unlike scattered work experience, college courses are designed to cover core theories, cutting-edge research and practical applications in a certain field. For example, students majoring in computer science learn programming languages, algorithms and software engineering systematically, which enables them to tackle complex technical problems in future work. This systematic knowledge accumulation is difficult to achieve through on-the-job learning alone.
Secondly, college cultivates comprehensive abilities that are crucial for career success. Through group projects, academic discussions and extracurricular activities, students develop critical thinking, communication skills, teamwork and problem-solving abilities. These soft skills are highly valued by employers and can be applied to various career scenarios. For instance, a student who participates in scientific research projects will enhance their analytical and innovative abilities, which are essential for career advancement.
Finally, college offers valuable social resources and networks. Students can interact with knowledgeable professors, outstanding peers and industry experts, which may bring internship opportunities and career recommendations. Many successful professionals attribute their achievements to the connections and guidance they obtained in college.
Admittedly, work experience has its merits, such as practical operation skills and industry insights. However, these can be supplemented after graduation. College education, as a systematic and comprehensive training, provides a solid foundation that cannot be replaced by early work experience.
In conclusion, studying in a college or university is the best way for students to prepare for their future careers. It equips students with professional knowledge, comprehensive abilities and social resources, enabling them to adapt to the ever-changing job market and achieve long-term career success.
- 结构：遵循 “明确立场 — 分点论证（专业知识、综合能力、社会资源）— 承认对方优势 — 总结升华” 的逻辑，层次清晰，辩证客观；
- 内容：结合计算机专业学习、科研项目等具体案例，论据充分，符合 250 词要求；
- 语言：使用 “systematic professional knowledge, indispensable, critical thinking, career advancement, ever-changing job market” 等精准词汇，句式多样（定语从句、状语从句、强调句型），表达规范流畅。
以上仅为西安建筑科技大学 2014 年考博英语真题的部分样本解析。完整的该科目全套真题、其他年份考博英语真题及专业课考博真题、深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购。考博英语备考需注重词汇的语义匹配、阅读理解的细节提取与推理、翻译的习语精准表达及写作的逻辑构建，建议结合完整真题强化专项训练，提升应试能力。
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