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It was very kind of you to get me something for my birthday, but you ___ me such an expensive present.
A. didn't need buying
B. needn't buy
C. needn't have bought
D. hadn't needed to buy
答案：C
- 考点：固定搭配与情态动词用法
- 解析：needn't have done 是固定语法结构，表示 “某事已经做了，但事后发现没必要做”，符合题干逻辑 ——“你给我买生日礼物很贴心，但其实没必要买这么贵的”。
- 其他选项分析：A 项结构错误，need 表 “需要” 时，否定形式后接不定式（needn't do），不接 buying；B 项 needn't buy 表示 “没必要买（还未买）”，与题干中 “已经买了” 的语境矛盾；D 项 hadn't needed to buy 强调 “过去本不需要买”，但语气侧重 “客观上无需”，无 “事后懊悔” 的隐含含义，不如 C 项贴合语境。
The ___ of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.
A. manifestation
B. implementation
C. expedition
D. demonstration
答案：A
- 考点：名词词义辨析
- 解析：manifestation 意为 “表现，显示”，代入题干意为 “一种文化现象的表现形式，通常是人们生活方式中某些物质层面的逻辑结果”，符合语义逻辑。
- 其他选项分析：B 项 implementation 意为 “实现，履行”，侧重 “将计划、政策落实”；C 项 expedition 意为 “远征，探险”，与文化现象无关；D 项 demonstration 意为 “示范，演示”，侧重 “通过行动展示操作或证明观点”，均不符合语境。
He is warm-hearted, but this doesn't mean that he is bright. (follow)
答案：He is warm-hearted, which is not usually followed by brightness.
- 考点：词性转换与定语从句用法
- 解析：题干要求用 follow 改写，follow 此处意为 “伴随”，需将原句的 “这并不意味着他聪明” 转化为 “热心并不通常伴随聪明”。用 which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文 “warm-hearted”，符合语法规则且语义一致。
The garden is too small for a swimming pool. (room)
答案：There is no room for a swimming pool in the garden.
- 考点：固定搭配与句型转换
- 解析：room 此处意为 “空间”，固定搭配为 “there is no room for sth.”（没有某物的空间），直接对应原句 “花园太小，放不下游泳池” 的语义，句型转换自然且符合要求。
An interesting theory in economics is ___ by the Head Man of a small mountain tribe.
A. illustrated
B. appreciated
C. demonstrated
D. anticipated
答案：C
- 考点：动词词义辨析与上下文逻辑
- 解析：demonstrate 意为 “证实，论证”，结合后文部落与美国公司的贸易故事可知，此处指 “一个有趣的经济学理论被部落首领的行为所证实”，符合上下文逻辑。
- 其他选项分析：A 项 illustrated 意为 “（用示例、图画）说明”，侧重 “解释说明” 而非 “通过事实证实”；B 项 appreciated 意为 “欣赏，感谢”，与理论搭配不当；D 项 anticipated 意为 “预料，预期”，与后文 “实际发生的故事” 矛盾。
It seems that this tribe was very good at making straw mats that had great sales ___ in the world market.
A. capacity
B. potential
C. ability
D. fortune
答案：B
- 考点：名词词义辨析
- 解析：sales potential 为固定搭配，意为 “销售潜力”，代入题干意为 “这个部落擅长制作在国际市场上有巨大销售潜力的草席”，符合语义。
- 其他选项分析：A 项 capacity 意为 “容积，能力”，侧重 “实际承载或办事能力”；C 项 ability 意为 “能力”，主语通常为人；D 项 fortune 意为 “运气，财富”，与 sales 搭配不当。
The word "observation" in the first paragraph most probably means___
A. attention
B. watchfulness
C. survey
D. opinion
答案：D
- 考点：词汇指代题
- 解析：定位第一段前两句 “访客对美国的一致反馈是大多数美国人友好、有礼貌、乐于助人。公平地说，加拿大和加拿大人也常被如此评价”，此处 observation 指代前文 “人们对美国人和加拿大人的评价”，即 “观点，看法”，与 opinion 同义。
- 其他选项分析：A 项 attention 意为 “注意力”；B 项 watchfulness 意为 “警觉”；C 项 survey 意为 “调查”，均不符合上下文指代逻辑。
Psychologists are interested in___
A. how far group pressure can influence people's judgments
B. how to make judgments according to everyday experience
C. how to change people's judgments
D. the group's standards of social behavior
答案：A
- 考点：细节事实题
- 解析：定位第一段最后一句 “日常生活中有很多相关实例，但心理学家特别感兴趣的是，团体压力能在多大程度上改变人们的判断和观点”，与选项 A “团体压力能在多大程度上影响人们的判断” 完全对应。
- 其他选项分析：B 项 “如何根据日常经验做判断”、C 项 “如何改变人们的判断”、D 项 “团体的社会行为标准” 均未在原文中提及，属于无中生有。
People may hold different views as to the dispute over when the shaping of a person's character, or natural disposition is completed. Some people state that the process of forming one's character is fulfilled in one's childhood whereas others argue that it is achieved after one finishes his school studies or has worked for a year beyond campus. What do you think? Provide details in support of your argument with at least 180 words.
My View on the Shaping of a Person's Character
The shaping of one's character is a continuous process that extends beyond childhood and concludes after entering society. While childhood lays the foundation, it is the experiences after school that refine and finalize one's natural disposition.
Childhood is indeed a critical period for character formation. Family education and early social interactions plant the seeds of virtues such as honesty, kindness, and obedience. For instance, children who are taught to share with others at a young age are more likely to develop a cooperative spirit. However, childhood experiences are limited, and the character formed at this stage is flexible and incomplete.
After graduating from school and entering the workplace, people encounter more complex social situations that challenge and reshape their initial character. Facing work pressures, interpersonal conflicts, and moral dilemmas, individuals learn to be more resilient, responsible, and empathetic. A person who was shy in childhood may become outgoing after years of communicating with colleagues and clients. Moreover, the independence gained from managing daily life and career helps people establish a stable sense of self, which is a key component of mature character.
In conclusion, the formation of character is not completed in childhood. It is the combination of early nurturing and post-school experiences that ultimately shapes a person's stable and comprehensive character.
- 考点：议论文写作（观点论证类）
- 解析：
- 立意：明确 “性格塑造是持续过程，最终完成于步入社会后”，兼顾双方观点，突出 “校园后经历” 的决定性作用。
- 结构：采用 “总 - 分 - 总” 结构，第一段提出核心观点，第二段承认童年的基础作用，第三段重点论证校园后经历的塑造作用，最后总结升华。
- 亮点：通过具体例子（童年分享习惯、职场沟通对性格的改变）增强说服力，逻辑连贯，符合字数要求。
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