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______ should any money be given to a small child.
A. On no account
B. From all account
C. Of no account
D. By all account
- 正确答案:A
- 解析:本题考查固定短语辨析及倒装句式。题干为倒装句(“should” 提前),需选择能引导倒装的否定短语,同时结合 “不应给小孩钱” 的语义逻辑。
- A 选项 “On no account” 意为 “绝不;无论如何都不”,属于否定意义的短语,置于句首时句子需部分倒装(助动词 / 情态动词提前),完美契合题干 “should any money be given” 的倒装结构,且语义 “绝不应该给小孩钱” 符合常理;
- B 选项 “From all account”(表述错误,正确为 “From all accounts”)意为 “根据所有说法”,表肯定,无否定含义,无法引导倒装;
- C 选项 “Of no account” 意为 “不重要的”,如 “His opinion is of no account”(他的意见不重要),后接名词,不用于句首引导句子;
- D 选项 “By all account”(表述错误,正确为 “By all accounts”)意为 “据说;显然”,表肯定,与题干否定语义不符,排除。
Hot metal ______ as it grows cooler.
A. contracts
B. reduces
C. condenses
D. compresses
- 正确答案:A
- 解析:本题考查动词词义辨析,核心语境是 “热金属冷却时会______”,需选择体现 “物理形态因温度变化收缩” 的词汇。
- A 选项 “contracts” 意为 “收缩;缩小”,特指物质因温度、压力变化而体积缩小,如 “Metal contracts when cooled”(金属冷却时收缩),完全契合 “热金属冷却收缩” 的物理现象;
- B 选项 “reduces” 意为 “减少;降低”,侧重数量、程度的减少,如 “reduce costs”(降低成本),不用于描述物质体积因温度变化的物理变化;
- C 选项 “condenses” 意为 “凝结;浓缩”,特指气体变为液体或液体变浓稠,如 “steam condenses into water”(水蒸气凝结成水),与 “金属” 无关;
- D 选项 “compresses” 意为 “压缩;压紧”,侧重外部压力导致体积缩小,如 “compress air”(压缩空气),而题干中金属收缩是自身温度变化导致,非外部压力,排除。
In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ______.
A. posing a contrast
B. justifying an assumption
C. making a comparison
D. explaining a phenomenon
- 正确答案:C
- 解析:本题考查文章开篇方式,需分析首段逻辑结构。
首段先描述人类行为:“人们看到同事加薪更多(尤其是懒散同事)会愤怒,这种行为被认为‘太人类化’,隐含假设是其他动物没有这种委屈感”;随后通过 “But” 转折,引出研究结论 “it is all too monkey”(这也太猴子了,即猴子也有类似行为)。可见作者通过 “人类行为与猴子行为的对比” 引出主题,核心是 “将人类与猴子的类似反应进行比较”。
- A 选项 “posing a contrast”(形成对比)侧重 “差异对比”,而首段强调 “相似性”,排除;
- B 选项 “justifying an assumption”(证明假设合理),首段反而通过研究推翻了 “其他动物无委屈感” 的假设,排除;
- C 选项 “making a comparison”(进行比较),符合 “人类与猴子类似行为的比较”,正确;
- D 选项 “explaining a phenomenon”(解释现象),首段仅描述现象(人类愤怒、猴子类似反应),未解释原因,排除。
According to the text, what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robot that can ______.
A. fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery
B. interact with human beings verbally
C. have a little common sense
D. respond independently to a changing world
- 正确答案:D
- 解析:本题考查细节定位,需找到 “当前人类无法实现的机器人设计目标”。
原文第三段明确提到 “we can't yet give a robot enough 'common sense' to reliably interact with a dynamic world”(我们尚不能赋予机器人足够的‘常识’,使其能可靠地与动态世界互动),且第二段指出 “机器人已能完成脑部手术等精细任务”,第四段提到 “机器人能在受控环境处理误差”。
- A 选项 “完成脑部手术等精细任务”,原文第二段已说明 “机器人系统能进行亚毫米精度的脑部手术”,不属于 “无法实现的能力”,排除;
- B 选项 “与人类语言互动”,原文未提及 “语言互动” 是难点,且未否定该能力,排除;
- C 选项 “具备一点常识”,原文说 “无法赋予足够常识”,而非 “完全没有一点常识”,表述不准确;
- D 选项 “独立应对变化的世界”,与 “reliably interact with a dynamic world”(动态世界即变化的世界)直接对应,且 “无法实现” 符合原文 “can't yet” 的表述,正确。
This street was ______ on both sides with many 53 businesses.
A. built
B. designed
C. intended
D. lined
- 正确答案:D
- 解析:本题考查动词与语境搭配,核心是 “街道两侧______许多商铺”。
- A 选项 “built”(建造),搭配 “build buildings”(建造建筑),不能说 “街道两侧被建造商铺”,逻辑不通;
- B 选项 “designed”(设计),搭配 “design a street”(设计街道),与 “商铺” 无直接搭配;
- C 选项 “intended”(打算;意图),搭配 “be intended for”(为…… 设计),如 “the street is intended for pedestrians”(街道供行人使用),与 “两侧有商铺” 无关;
- D 选项 “lined”(排列),“be lined with” 为固定搭配,意为 “两侧排列着……”,如 “the street is lined with trees”(街道两侧种满树),此处 “street was lined with businesses”(街道两侧排列着商铺),符合语境,正确。
Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces ______ the city limits.
A. over
B. from
C. out of
D. outside
- 正确答案:D
- 解析:本题考查介词词义辨析,核心是 “商家关注______城市边界的空地”,因 “街道拥挤”,需选择 “城市之外” 的介词。
- A 选项 “over”(在…… 上方),如 “over the city”(在城市上空),不表示 “范围之外”;
- B 选项 “from”(来自),如 “spaces from the city”(来自城市的空地),与 “街道拥挤需找城外空地” 的逻辑不符;
- C 选项 “out of”(从…… 出来;在…… 之外),侧重 “从内部到外部的动作”,如 “go out of the city”(走出城市),不用于修饰 “spaces”(空间);
- D 选项 “outside”(在…… 之外),直接表示 “范围之外”,“open spaces outside the city limits”(城市边界之外的空地),符合 “避开拥挤街道、寻找城外空地” 的语境,正确。
Solar energy is available in various forms. Buildings can be heated and cooled by direct use of solar radiation; crops and trees, which are the more efficient converters of sunlight into energy, can be grown for their energy potential...
- 错误:the more efficient
- 改正:the most efficient
- 解析:本题考查形容词最高级的使用。句中 “crops and trees” 与其他太阳能转换器(如后文提到的废物燃烧、海洋热能等)相比,是 “最高效的转换器”,需用最高级 “the most efficient”;“more efficient” 是比较级,用于两者之间的比较,而此处是三者及以上的范围,故需将比较级改为最高级。
Nuclear energy is produced in nuclear power plants. At these plants atoms of uranium is split, thus releasing masses of energy.
- 错误:is split
- 改正:are split
- 解析:本题考查主谓一致。句子主语 “atoms of uranium”(铀原子)是复数形式,谓语动词需用复数 “are”,而非单数 “is”;“is split” 用于单数主语(如 “an atom of uranium is split”),此处主语为复数,故将 “is” 改为 “are”,确保主谓一致。
吸引大量观众的体育运动,为人们观赏青春的活力、速度和力量提供了一个窗口。它所展示的技能水平强烈地吸引着人们。男性之所以比女性更直接地认同这种运动,是因为他们的童年经历和比赛所展示的阳刚之气。
- 参考译文:Sports that attract a large audience provide a window for people to watch the vitality, speed and strength of youth. The skill level they display strongly appeals to people. The reason why men identify with such sports more directly than women is their childhood experiences and the masculinity demonstrated in the games.
- 解析:
- 句式拆分:第一句为主谓宾结构,“that attract a large audience”(定语从句修饰 “sports”),“for people to watch...”(不定式作后置定语修饰 “window”);第二句为简单句,“they display”(定语从句修饰 “skill level”);第三句为 “the reason why...is...”(表语从句结构),避免中文长句直译后的逻辑混乱。
- 关键词处理:“青春的活力、速度和力量” 译为 “the vitality, speed and strength of youth”(避免直译 “youthful”,用 “of youth” 更符合英文表达习惯);“认同这种运动” 译为 “identify with such sports”(“identify with” 强调 “情感上的认同”,比 “like” 更精准);“阳刚之气” 译为 “masculinity”(符合体育语境中 “男性特质” 的表述)。
- 逻辑衔接:通过 “and”“the reason why” 等连接词,体现 “运动的作用→吸引原因→性别差异原因” 的逻辑链条,使译文流畅自然。
- 参考范文:
Better City, Better Life: My Insight from Expo 2010 Shanghai
The 2010 Shanghai World Expo, themed “Better City, Better Life”, left me a deep impression. Among all pavilions, the China Pavilion stood out with its “Crown of the East” design, showcasing China’s urban development history—from ancient water towns to modern metropolises. The Urban Best Practice Area was equally inspiring, where cities like Hamburg displayed eco-friendly buildings with solar panels and rainwater recycling systems, proving that sustainability and urban life can coexist.
To me, “Better City, Better Life” means cities should balance development with people’s well-being. A good city is not just about skyscrapers, but about clean air, convenient public transport, and inclusive spaces. For example, Shanghai’s subway expansion after the Expo made commuting easier, and more community parks were built to improve residents’ quality of life.
Ultimately, the theme reminds us that cities are made for people. Only by prioritizing environmental protection, social equity, and human needs can we build cities that truly make life better—this is the lasting legacy of Expo 2010.
- 解析:
- 结构清晰:采用 “总 - 分 - 总” 结构,首段描述世博会具体经历(中国馆、城市最佳实践区),中间阐述对主题的理解(城市需平衡发展与民生),结尾升华 “城市为人而建” 的核心,符合题目要求;
- 内容充实:结合具体案例(汉堡馆的环保设计、上海世博会后的交通与公园建设),避免空洞论述,增强说服力;
- 语言规范:用词准确(如 “sustainability”“inclusive spaces”“legacy”),句式多样(含定语从句、条件句),篇幅控制在 200 词左右,符合考博英语写作要求。
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