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考博英语是博士研究生入学核心考核科目，中国地质大学（武汉）2010 年考博英语涵盖阅读理解、翻译、写作三大核心模块，重点考查学术英语理解、跨文化翻译与社会热点思辨能力。以下为该真题精选样本及高分答案详解，供考生参考答题逻辑与核心考点。若需完整的英语考博真题、专业课考博真题及深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购，助力高效备考。
Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but regardless of whether it is or isn't - we won't do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed.
Al Gore calls global warming an "inconvenient truth," as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and - without major technological breakthroughs - we can't do much about it.
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What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?
A. It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.
B. It is an issue requiring worldwide commitments.
C. Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.
D. Very little will be done to bring it under control.
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According to the author's understanding, what is Al Gore's view on global warming?
A. It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.
B. It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.
C. It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.
D. It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.
Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be: rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.
Directions: Write an essay of about 250 words on the topic "One Major Problem in the Process of Urbanization". You should present your thesis statement, support it with details, and make a conclusion.
- 考点定位：本题考查主旨归纳，是阅读理解部分的核心考点，考查对段落核心观点的精准提炼。
- 答案详解：第一段明确指出 “we won't do much about it”，且提到 “承诺越引人注目，越不可能被遵守”，核心观点是 “人们不会为控制全球变暖采取太多行动”，故选 [D]。
[A]“可能根本不是环境危机” 是原文 “may or may not be” 的片面解读；[B]“需要全球承诺” 是原文提及的表面现象，非核心观点；[C]“已采取严肃措施” 与原文 “不会采取太多行动” 相悖，故排除。
- 考点定位：本题考查细节推理，是阅读理解部分的核心考点，考查对他人观点的准确解读。
- 答案详解：原文提到 Al Gore 将全球变暖称为 “inconvenient truth”，“as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution”，即 “仿佛仅仅意识到它就能让我们找到解决路径”，隐含 Al Gore 认为 “一旦认知到全球变暖问题就能解决”，故选 [C]。
[A]“人们和政客都未意识到的现实”、[B]“带来诸多不便的现象”、[D]“我们知之甚少的领域” 均与原文对 Al Gore 观点的描述不符，故排除。
成功者不会毕生致力于追求一个自己想象中的 “应该成为的样子”：相反，他们坚守自我，因此不会耗费精力装模作样、故作姿态或操纵他人。他们清楚，真心关爱与刻意表现出关爱、真的愚笨与故意装作愚笨、真正博学与刻意彰显博学之间存在本质区别。成功者无需躲在面具之后。
- 考点定位：本题考查哲理类文本英译汉，核心考查术语精准、句式连贯及逻辑清晰，是翻译部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
- 术语精准：“dedicate their lives to” 译为 “毕生致力于”，“putting on a performance” 译为 “装模作样”，“maintaining pretence” 译为 “故作姿态”，“manipulating others” 译为 “操纵他人”，贴合语境且表达生动。
- 句式优化：拆分原文长句，将冒号后的转折逻辑用 “相反” 明确体现；并列结构 “between being...and acting...” 统一译为 “…… 与刻意…… 之间”，保持句式工整；“hide behind a mask” 译为 “躲在面具之后”，保留比喻义，符合中文表达习惯。
- 语义完整：完整保留 “成功者的核心特质 —— 坚守自我、不伪装、明辨真假” 的核心语义，无遗漏或偏差，准确传递原文哲理内涵。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦社会热点类议论文写作，核心考查对 “城市化进程中主要问题” 的分析与解决方案阐述能力，是考博英语写作的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
One Major Problem in the Process of Urbanization
Urbanization has brought tremendous economic growth and social progress, but it also gives rise to a series of problems. Among them, the shortage of public services is a major one that seriously affects people's quality of life.
The shortage of public services in urbanization is mainly reflected in two aspects. On one hand, educational resources are in short supply. With a large number of rural population flocking to cities, urban schools are overcrowded, and many children of migrant workers even face difficulties in enrolling in school. On the other hand, medical resources are unevenly distributed. Large hospitals in downtown areas are overcrowded with patients, while community hospitals and suburban medical institutions lack advanced equipment and professional medical personnel, making it inconvenient for residents to seek medical treatment.
To solve this problem, joint efforts from the government and society are needed. The government should increase investment in public services, optimize the allocation of educational and medical resources, and build more schools and hospitals in suburban and new urban areas. At the same time, social forces should be encouraged to participate in the construction of public services, such as supporting private schools and hospitals to supplement public resources. Only in this way can we alleviate the shortage of public services in the process of urbanization and ensure that urban residents can enjoy a better life.
- 结构：遵循 “提出论点（公共服务短缺是主要问题）— 分述表现（教育、医疗资源问题）— 提出解决方案（政府 + 社会）— 总结升华” 的逻辑，层次清晰，符合 250 词要求；
- 内容：结合 “农民工子女入学难”“城乡医疗资源不均” 等具体现象，论据充分，贴合社会现实；
- 语言：使用 “urbanization, public services, educational resources, medical personnel, optimize the allocation” 等精准词汇，句式多样（定语从句、状语从句），表达规范流畅。
以上仅为中国地质大学（武汉）2010 年考博英语真题的部分样本解析。完整的该科目全套真题、其他年份考博英语真题及专业课考博真题、深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购。考博英语备考需注重阅读理解的主旨归纳、翻译的句式优化及写作的逻辑构建，建议结合完整真题强化专项训练，提升应试能力。
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