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考博英语是博士研究生入学核心考核科目，西安电子科技大学 2015 年春季考博英语涵盖阅读理解、翻译、写作三大核心模块，重点考查学术英语理解、语言转换与主题思辨能力。以下为该真题精选样本及高分答案详解，供考生参考答题逻辑与核心考点。若需完整的英语考博真题、专业课考博真题及深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购，助力高效备考。
Texting has long been bemoaned (哀叹) as the downfall of the written word, “penmanship for illiter,” as one critic called it. To which the proper response is LOL.
Texting properly isn’t writing at all. It’s a “spoken” language that is getting richer and more complex by the year.
First, some historical perspective. Writing was only invented 5,500 years ago, whereas language probably traces back at least 80,000 years. Thus talking came first; writing is just a craft that came along later. As such, the first writing was based on the way people talk, with short sentences.
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What do critics say about texting?
A) It is mainly confined to youngsters
B) It competes with traditional writing.
C) It will ruin the written language.
D) It is often hard to understand.
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What does the author think of texting?
A) It facilitates exchange of ideas among people.
B) It is a new form of verbal communication.
C) It deteriorates people's composition skills.
D) It hastens the decline of the written word.
其中一个机器人的移动效率如此之高，也许将来它可以连续行走一天，而不像现在大多数的机器人每隔二、三十分钟就得充电或添加燃料。
Directions: Write a composition of no less than 200 words on your attitude towards plagiarism. You may also illustrate your opinion on academic integrity and give suggestions on how to preserve it in the academic world.
- 考点定位：本题考查细节信息提取，是阅读理解部分的基础考点，考查对评论家对短信文本态度的精准把握。
- 答案详解：原文明确提到 “Texting has long been bemoaned as the downfall of the written word”，“downfall” 意为 “衰败、垮台”，与选项 [C]“破坏书面语言” 语义一致，故选 [C]。
[A]“主要限于年轻人”、[B]“与传统写作竞争”、[D]“通常难以理解” 均未在原文提及，故排除。
- 考点定位：本题考查作者态度推断，是阅读理解部分的核心考点，考查对作者对短信文本核心观点的把握。
- 答案详解：原文提到 “Texting properly isn’t writing at all. It’s a ‘spoken’ language that is getting richer and more complex by the year”“texting is actually a new kind of talking with your fingers”，明确作者认为短信文本是一种新的口头交流形式，故选 [B]。
[A]“促进人们交流思想” 未体现核心定位；[C]“恶化人们的写作能力”、[D]“加速书面语言的衰落” 与作者观点相悖，作者明确指出 “没有证据表明短信文本会破坏写作技能”，故排除。
One of the robots has such high mobility efficiency that it may be able to walk continuously for a whole day in the future, unlike most current robots that need to be charged or refueled every twenty to thirty minutes.
- 考点定位：本题考查科技类文本汉译英，核心考查句式连贯、语义精准及术语规范，是翻译部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
- 句式优化：将 “如此之高…… 以至于” 译为 “such high...that” 引导的结果状语从句，符合英文表达习惯；“而不像现在大多数的机器人” 译为 “unlike most current robots that...”，用定语从句衔接，逻辑清晰。
- 语义精准：“移动效率” 译为 “mobility efficiency”（科技类标准译法）；“连续行走” 译为 “walk continuously”；“充电或添加燃料” 译为 “charged or refueled”，覆盖两种能量补充方式；“每隔二、三十分钟” 译为 “every twenty to thirty minutes”，符合英文数字表达规范。
- 逻辑连贯：保留原文 “未来与现在” 的对比关系，用 “in the future” 与 “current” 明确时间维度，语义无偏差。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦学术伦理类议论文写作，核心考查对 “抄袭” 现象的批判、对学术诚信的理解及解决方案提出能力，是考博英语写作的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
Uphold Academic Integrity: Say No to Plagiarism
In recent years, plagiarism cases involving professors, scholars and graduate students have been frequently exposed, which has aroused widespread concern about academic integrity. Plagiarism is not only a violation of intellectual property rights but also a betrayal of the spirit of academic pursuit, seriously undermining the fairness and authenticity of academic research.
The root causes of plagiarism are diverse. Some researchers lack a sense of academic ethics, driven by the desire for quick success and instant benefits; others are lazy and unwilling to invest time and energy in original research. Additionally, the imperfect academic evaluation system and inadequate supervision mechanisms also provide opportunities for plagiarism. For example, some academic institutions overemphasize the quantity of papers while ignoring quality, forcing researchers to take shortcuts.
To preserve academic integrity and eliminate plagiarism, joint efforts are needed. Firstly, individuals must strengthen their sense of academic ethics, establish the awareness that "originality is the lifeblood of academic research" and respect the intellectual achievements of others. Secondly, academic institutions should reform the evaluation system, focusing more on the quality and innovation of research rather than just the number of publications. Thirdly, strict supervision and punishment mechanisms should be established. Plagiarism cases should be thoroughly investigated, and severe penalties (such as academic sanctions, degree revocation) should be imposed to deter potential offenders. Finally, academic ethics education should be strengthened, starting from graduate education to guide researchers to abide by academic norms.
Academic integrity is the cornerstone of academic progress. Only by resolutely opposing plagiarism and upholding the spirit of originality can the academic world maintain vitality and contribute to the advancement of knowledge and society.
- 结构：遵循 “提出问题 — 分析原因 — 给出对策 — 总结升华” 的逻辑，层次清晰，论点全面；
- 内容：结合学术评价体系、个人伦理等多维度分析原因，对策具体可行，符合 200 词要求；
- 语言：使用 “academic integrity, intellectual property rights, quick success and instant benefits, supervision mechanisms, academic sanctions” 等精准词汇，句式多样（定语从句、状语从句），表达规范流畅。
以上仅为西安电子科技大学 2015 年春季考博英语真题的部分样本解析。完整的该科目全套真题、其他年份考博英语真题及专业课考博真题、深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购。考博英语备考需注重阅读理解的细节提取与态度推断、翻译的科技术语精准表达及写作的逻辑构建，建议结合完整真题强化专项训练，提升应试能力。
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