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考博英语是博士研究生入学核心考核科目，浙江农林大学 2014 年考博英语涵盖词汇语法、阅读理解、完形填空、翻译、写作五大模块，重点考查学术英语理解、语言综合应用与社会热点思辨能力。以下为该真题精选样本及高分答案详解，供考生参考答题逻辑与核心考点。若需完整的英语考博真题、专业课考博真题及深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购，助力高效备考。
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The patient has been ______ of the safety of the operation.
A. guaranteed B. assured C. entrusted D. confirmed
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When travelling, you are advised to take travellers’ checks, which provide a secure ______ to carrying your money in cash.
A. substitute B. selection C. preference D. alternative
When we use a word in speech and writing, its most obvious purpose is to point to some thing or relation or property. This is the word’s “meaning.” We see a small four-footed animal on the road and call it a “dog,” indicating that it is a member of the class of four-footed animals we call dogs. The word “dog” as we have used it there has a plain, straight-forward, “objective” meaning.
Suppose, however, that we had called that same animal a “mongrel.” The matter is more complicated. We have used a word which objectively means the same as “dog of mixed breed,” but which also arouses in our hearers an emotional attitude of disapproval toward that particular dog. A word, therefore, can not only indicate an object, but can also suggest an emotional attitude toward it.
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The author’s point in the first three paragraphs is that ______.
A. there is no real difference between calling a dog a mongrel or calling it a dog of mixed breed
B. “a dog of mixed breed” is an emotional term
C. “mongrel” is an objective term
D. words may suggest emotional attitudes as well as objective meanings
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The author believes that people have disagreements on many subjects partially because _______.
A. people have not learned how to get along with each other without conflict and argument
B. words used in discussing those subjects carry emotional overtones which tend to antagonize people
C. words with objective meanings mean different things to different persons, and must be used carefully
D. politics, morals, and religion cause controversies that cannot yet be settled
端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣，他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤而投河自尽。
Directions: Write a composition of about 150 words on the topic “Does Money Buy a Happy Marriage?” You should state your view, support it with reasons, and make a conclusion.
- 考点定位：本题考查动词词义辨析与固定搭配，是词汇部分的核心考点，聚焦 “告知某人某事” 的语义逻辑。
- 答案详解：四个选项含义分别为：A. guaranteed（保证，侧重对事物的承诺）；B. assured（使确信，常用搭配为 assure sb. of sth.）；C. entrusted（委托）；D. confirmed（确认，侧重核实事实）。语境为 “告知病人手术安全”， “be assured of” 为固定搭配，符合语义与语法要求，故选 [B]。
- 考点定位：本题考查名词词义辨析，是词汇部分的基础考点，聚焦 “替代选择” 的逻辑。
- 答案详解：四个选项含义分别为：A. substitute（替代品，侧重替代原有事物）；B. selection（选择，侧重从多个中挑选）；C. preference（偏好）；D. alternative（备选方案，侧重两者择一的选择）。语境为 “旅行支票是现金的安全备选”，强调 “替代选项”，故选 [D]。
- 考点定位：本题考查主旨归纳，是阅读理解部分的核心考点，考查对段落核心观点的提炼。
- 答案详解：文章通过 “dog”（客观意义）与 “mongrel”（客观意义 + 情感态度）的对比，核心观点是 “词汇既具有客观意义，也可能蕴含情感态度”，故选 [D]。
[A]“mongrel 与 dog of mixed breed 无区别” 与原文 “情感态度不同” 相悖；[B]“dog of mixed breed 是情感术语”、 [C]“mongrel 是客观术语” 均与原文表述相反，故排除。
- 考点定位：本题考查细节推理，是阅读理解部分的核心考点，考查对 “争议产生原因” 的精准推导。
- 答案详解：原文提到 “争议话题中常用带有情感暗示的词汇”，而情感倾向会引发对立，这是争议难以解决的部分原因，故选 [B]。
[A]“不会和谐相处”、[C]“客观词汇语义不同” 未在原文提及；[D]“政治、道德、宗教本身引发争议” 是表面现象，并非核心原因，故排除。
The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as the Duanwu Festival, is held to commemorate Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet. Qu Yuan was a loyal and respected minister who brought peace and prosperity to his country. However, he finally committed suicide by drowning himself in a river after being vilified.
- 考点定位：本题考查文化类文本汉译英，核心考查术语精准、句式连贯及逻辑清晰，是翻译部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
- 术语精准：“端午节” 译为 “Dragon Boat Festival”（国际通用译法），“龙舟节” 译为 “Duanwu Festival”（拼音 + 意译），“爱国诗人” 译为 “patriotic poet”，“诽谤” 译为 “vilified”（按提示翻译），符合文化术语规范。
- 句式优化：将中文多个短句整合为逻辑连贯的英文分句，用定语从句 “who brought peace and prosperity” 修饰 “minister”，用 “after being vilified” 体现被动关系，避免句式堆砌，符合英文表达习惯。
- 语义完整：完整保留 “节日名称、纪念对象、人物身份、事迹与结局” 核心语义，无遗漏或偏差，准确传递文化内涵。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦社会生活类议论文写作，核心考查对 “金钱与婚姻幸福” 的辩证分析能力，是考博英语写作的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
Does Money Buy a Happy Marriage?
I firmly believe that money cannot buy a happy marriage. Although material wealth can provide a stable life foundation, true marital happiness relies on emotional connection rather than money.
Firstly, mutual understanding and trust are the core of a happy marriage. These emotional bonds cannot be purchased with money. For example, couples who communicate sincerely and support each other through difficulties often have a harmonious relationship, even if they are not wealthy. Secondly, excessive pursuit of money may damage marital happiness. If couples only focus on material gains, they will ignore emotional needs, leading to conflicts and alienation. Many divorce cases prove that money cannot fill the emotional gap between spouses.
In conclusion, money is a necessary condition for a comfortable life but not a guarantee of marital happiness. A happy marriage requires mutual respect, understanding and companionship. Only by valuing emotional communication can couples maintain long-term happiness.
- 结构：遵循 “明确观点 — 分点论证（情感核心、金钱的负面影响）— 总结升华” 的逻辑，层次清晰，符合 150 词要求；
- 内容：结合 “真诚沟通的夫妻”“ 离婚案例” 等具体论据，论据充分，贴合主题；
- 语言：使用 “emotional connection, mutual understanding, alienation, necessary condition” 等精准词汇，句式多样（让步状语从句、定语从句），表达规范流畅。
以上仅为浙江农林大学 2014 年考博英语真题的部分样本解析。完整的该科目全套真题、其他年份考博英语真题及专业课考博真题、深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购。考博英语备考需注重词汇的搭配与辨析、阅读理解的主旨归纳、翻译的文化术语规范及写作的逻辑构建，建议结合完整真题强化专项训练，提升应试能力。
