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A. to be made
B. the making
C. making is
D. to make
- 本题考查句子结构与非谓语动词用法，核心是明确 “is” 后的成分需作表语，且符合 “使土壤资源可被人类利用” 的语义。
- 选项分析：
- A. to be made：被动式不定式，“be made available” 需搭配逻辑主语，此处无被动含义，语义不通；
- B. the making：名词短语 “the making available” 结构错误，“making” 后需接宾语，且无法直接作表语表达 “目的”；
- C. making is：“is” 与句中已有谓语 “is” 重复，语法错误；
- D. to make：不定式作表语，表目的或核心内容，“to make available the riches of the soil”（使土壤资源可被利用）符合 “农业生产的基本前提” 的语义，且 “make sth. available” 是固定搭配，此处为了强调宾语 “the riches of the soil” 后置，结构正确。
- 解题关键：识别句子主干 “premise is + 表语”，排除语法错误选项，结合 “使资源可利用” 的固定搭配锁定不定式表语结构。
A. rapidly
B. obstinately
C. instantly
D. chiefly
- 本题考查副词词义辨析，需结合 “能见度与空气中颗粒浓度” 的逻辑关系判断。
- 选项分析：
- A. rapidly：意为 “快速地”，侧重 “速度快”，与 “能见度取决于颗粒浓度” 的逻辑无关；
- B. obstinately：意为 “固执地”，形容人的态度，不能修饰 “depend upon”；
- C. instantly：意为 “立即地”，侧重 “时间短”，不符合 “依赖某种因素” 的语境；
- D. chiefly：意为 “主要地”，强调 “核心原因”，符合句意 “能见度主要取决于空气中水汽或尘埃颗粒的浓度”，语义贴合逻辑。
- 解题关键：明确 “depend upon” 后需接表 “程度或范围” 的副词，结合常识判断颗粒浓度是影响能见度的核心因素，锁定 “chiefly”。
A. impulse; audience
B. impulsion; viewer
C. temptation; public
D. stimulus; people
- 本题考查名词词义辨析及固定搭配，需结合 “电影制作者避免快速切换镜头” 的语境判断。
- 第一空选项分析：
- A. impulse：意为 “冲动”，“resist the impulse to do” 是固定搭配，意为 “抑制做某事的冲动”，符合 “避免快速切换镜头的冲动” 的语义；
- B. impulsion：意为 “推动力”，侧重 “外部或内在的驱动力”，无 “resist the impulsion” 的常用搭配；
- C. temptation：意为 “诱惑”，侧重 “被外界吸引而产生的欲望”，此处 “快速切换镜头” 是主观冲动而非外界诱惑；
- D. stimulus：意为 “刺激物”，是可数名词，需加冠词 “a”，且语义不符。
- 第二空选项分析：
- A. audience：意为 “观众”，特指 “观看电影、演出的群体”，搭配合理；
- B. viewer：意为 “观察者”，侧重 “单个观看者”，此处泛指广大观众，用复数 “viewers” 更合适；
- C. public：意为 “公众”，范围过广，不特指 “观影群体”；
- D. people：意为 “人们”，泛指人群，缺乏 “观影者” 的针对性。
- 解题关键：第一空锁定 “resist the impulse to do” 的固定搭配，第二空结合 “电影观众” 的特指含义选择 “audience”。
A. terms
B. perspective
C. view
D. sight
- 本题考查固定短语搭配，需结合 “艺术品应被独立探索” 的语境判断。
- 选项分析：
- A. terms：“on one's own terms” 是固定短语，意为 “按照自身的条件；以自己的方式”，符合句意 “艺术品需要按照其自身的特性被探索”；
- B. perspective：“on one's own perspective” 无此固定搭配，“perspective” 常与 “from” 搭配，意为 “从…… 角度”；
- C. view：“on one's own view” 无此搭配，“view” 常与 “in” 搭配，意为 “在…… 看来”；
- D. sight：“on one's own sight” 无此搭配，“sight” 侧重 “视觉；景象”，语义不符。
- 解题关键：牢记 “on one's own terms” 的固定短语含义，结合语境 “艺术品独立存在、需按自身特性探索” 锁定答案。
A. To show how simple, traditional cultures can have complicated grammar structure.
B. To show how English grammar differs from Cherokee grammar.
C. To prove that complex grammar structures were invented by the Cherokees.
D. To demonstrate how difficult it is to learn the Cherokee language.
- 本题考查细节理解题，需定位第一段中提及切罗基语的核心目的。
- 原文依据：“Nor is this complexity inherent to the English language. All languages, even those of so-called 'primitive' tribes have clever grammatical components. The Cherokee pronoun system... can distinguish between 'you and I', 'several other people and I' and 'you, another person and I'.”
- 选项分析：
- A. “说明简单的传统文化也可能有复杂的语法结构” 与原文 “并非只有英语有复杂性，即使是‘原始’部落的语言也有精巧的语法成分” 直接呼应，切罗基语的例子正是为了证明这一观点，符合题意；
- B. “说明英语语法与切罗基语语法的差异” 并非核心目的，原文仅通过对比突出切罗基语语法的复杂性，而非强调差异；
- C. “证明复杂语法结构是切罗基人发明的” 原文未提及，属于无中生有；
- D. “说明学习切罗基语有多难” 原文未涉及学习难度，语义无关。
- 解题关键：抓住第一段核心论点 “所有语言都有语法复杂性”，切罗基语的例子是为了支撑该论点，而非其他次要目的。
A. To investigate whether monkeys could learn to use money.
B. To investigate where human mistakes come from.
C. To find out whether it is better to take risks in times of loss.
D. To determine whether monkeys make more mistakes than humans.
- 本题考查主旨大意题，需概括实验的核心目的。
- 原文依据：“Then why are we so prone to making mistakes? And why do we tend to make the same ones time and time again?... Santos came to two possible answers... Either humans have designed environments which are too complex for us to fully understand, or we are biologically prone to making bad decisions. In order to test these theories, the team selected a group of Brown Capuchin monkeys.”
- 选项分析：
- A. “研究猴子是否能学会使用货币” 是实验的步骤之一，并非核心目的；
- B. “研究人类错误的来源” 与原文 “为了测试人类犯错的两个可能原因” 直接对应，是实验的核心目的，符合题意；
- C. “研究损失时是否应该冒险” 是实验的具体内容之一，并非整体目的；
- D. “确定猴子是否比人类犯更多错误” 原文未提及，实验仅对比人类与猴子是否犯相同错误，而非错误数量。
- 解题关键：抓住实验前的核心疑问 “人类为何容易犯错” 及实验目的 “测试两个可能原因”，锁定答案为 “研究人类错误的来源”。
Wind power is most economical in areas with steady winds. In areas where the wind dies down, backup electricity from a utility company or from an energy storage system becomes necessary. Backup power could also be provided by linking wind farms with a solar cell, with conventional or pumped-storage hydropower, or with efficient natural-gas-burning turbines. Some drawbacks to wind farms include visual pollution and noise, although these can be overcome by improving their design and locating them in isolated areas.
风力发电在风力稳定的地区最为经济。在风力减弱的地区，来自电力公司或储能系统的备用电力就变得必不可少。备用电力也可通过将风电场与太阳能电池、传统水电站或抽水蓄能水电站，或是高效燃气轮机相连来提供。风电场存在一些弊端，包括视觉污染和噪音问题，但这些问题可通过改进设计并将其建在偏远地区来解决。
- 词汇处理：
- “steady winds” 译为 “风力稳定”，准确体现 “持续、平稳” 的含义；
- “backup electricity” 译为 “备用电力”，符合电力领域常用表达；
- “pumped-storage hydropower” 译为 “抽水蓄能水电站”，是固定专业术语；
- “visual pollution and noise” 译为 “视觉污染和噪音问题”，补充 “问题” 二字使语义更完整；
- “isolated areas” 译为 “偏远地区”，比直译 “孤立地区” 更贴合实际语境。
- 句式调整：
- 定语从句 “areas with steady winds”“areas where the wind dies down” 均译为中文短句 “风力稳定的地区”“风力减弱的地区”，避免冗长；
- 被动语态 “Backup power could also be provided by...” 译为主动语态 “备用电力也可通过…… 来提供”，符合中文表达习惯；
- 让步状语从句 “although these can be overcome by...” 译为 “但这些问题可通过…… 来解决”，“解决” 替代 “克服”，更贴合 “弊端” 的搭配逻辑。
More and more qualified people are moving from poor to rich countries to fill vacancies in specialist areas like engineering, computing and medicine. Some people believe that by encouraging the movement of such people, rich countries are stealing from poor countries. Others feel that this is only part of the natural movement of workers around the world. Do you agree or disagree? Use your knowledge or experience to generate support for your argument and include an example. Your article should be no less than 250 words.
Brain Drain: A Natural Flow or Unfair Theft?
In recent years, the migration of skilled professionals from developing to developed countries has become a noticeable global trend. While some argue that rich countries are "stealing" talent from poor ones, I firmly believe this movement is a natural outcome of globalizaion and offers mutual benefits rather than being an act of theft.
Firstly, the migration of skilled workers is driven by individual choices based on better opportunities. Professionals from poor countries often seek higher salaries, advanced working environments, and superior career development prospects in rich nations. For example, many doctors from African countries move to Europe or North America not because they are "stolen", but because they can access cutting-edge medical technology and provide better lives for their families. This is a rational choice rooted in human nature's pursuit of self-improvement, not coercion or unfair exploitation.
Secondly, this talent flow is not a one-way loss for poor countries. On the contrary, it can bring long-term benefits. Many migrant professionals send remittances back to their home countries, which become an important source of income for their families and contribute to the local economy. Moreover, some skilled workers return to their home countries after gaining valuable experience and advanced knowledge, bringing back new technologies and management concepts. For instance, numerous Chinese engineers who once worked in Silicon Valley have returned to China in recent years, boosting the development of the domestic tech industry.
Finally, labeling talent migration as "theft" ignores the essence of globalization. In a world where resources and labor flow freely, rich countries' demand for skilled workers and poor countries' supply form a natural market balance. Instead of blaming rich countries, poor countries should focus on improving their own development environment—such as increasing investment in education, optimizing employment policies, and providing competitive salaries—to retain and attract talent.
In conclusion, the movement of skilled professionals between countries is a natural result of globalizaion, driven by individual choices and mutual needs. It is neither fair nor reasonable to call it "theft". Both rich and poor countries should embrace this trend and take measures to maximize its benefits for all parties involved.
- 结构框架：
- 开篇点题：明确反对 “人才盗窃” 的观点，提出 “人才流动是全球化自然结果且互利共赢” 的核心论点；
- 中间论证：从 “个人选择驱动”“对穷国并非单向损失”“符合全球化本质” 三个维度展开，每个论点搭配具体例子（非洲医生移民、中国工程师回流），增强说服力；
- 结尾总结：重申核心观点，提出穷国应通过改善自身环境吸引人才的建议，升华主题。
- 语言表达：
- 用词准确：使用 “brain drain”“remittances”“globalization”“coercion” 等专业且贴合主题的词汇；
- 句式多样：结合定语从句、状语从句、并列句，避免句式单一，如 “While some argue that..., I firmly believe...”“not because..., but because...” 等结构；
- 篇幅控制：全文约 320 词，符合 “不少于 250 词” 的要求，逻辑连贯，论证充分。
- 核心亮点：论点全面，既考虑个人诉求，也兼顾国家利益，避免片面化；例子具体且有代表性，增强文章可信度；结尾提出建设性建议，使论证更具现实意义。
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