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A) vibrating B) waving C) swinging D) fluctuating
- 本题考查动词词义辨析，核心是结合 “价格” 与 “预算规划” 的语境判断。
- 选项分析：
- A. vibrating：意为 “振动；颤动”，侧重 “物体快速往复运动”，不搭配 “价格”；
- B. waving：意为 “挥舞；摆动”，侧重 “肢体或物体的挥动”，与价格无关；
- C. swinging：意为 “摇摆；摆动”，可指价格、情绪等的 “波动”，但侧重 “左右摇摆的幅度较大”；
- D. fluctuating：意为 “波动；起伏”，特指 “价格、数量、水平等的不稳定变化”，是描述价格波动的常用词，符合句意 “由于价格波动剧烈，公司很难制定预算”。
- 解题关键：抓住 “价格” 与 “预算困难” 的逻辑，锁定 “价格波动” 的专用表达 “fluctuating”。
A) abundantly B) intensely C) densely D) intensively
- 本题考查副词词义辨析，需修饰 “populated areas（人口聚居区）”。
- 选项分析：
- A. abundantly：意为 “丰富地；大量地”，侧重 “数量充足”，不搭配 “populated”；
- B. intensely：意为 “强烈地；剧烈地”，侧重 “程度深、强度大”，如 “intensely hot”，不修饰 “人口密度”；
- C. densely：意为 “密集地；稠密地”，“densely populated” 是固定搭配，意为 “人口稠密的”，符合句意 “住在小镇的人通常比住在人口稠密地区的人更友好”；
- D. intensively：意为 “集中地；深入地”，侧重 “集中资源或精力”，如 “intensively study”，与 “人口” 无关。
- 解题关键：牢记 “人口稠密” 的固定表达 “densely populated”，直接匹配选项。
A) people who eat together B) the kinds of food served
C) family members and guests D) snacks and hamburgers
- 本题考查细节理解题，需定位原文中英国人对饮食的区分标准。
- 原文依据：“the anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for acquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present.”
- 选项分析：
- A. “一起吃饭的人”：是饮食种类所反映的对象，而非英国人直接区分的核心；
- B. “供应的食物种类”：与原文 “the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served” 直接对应，英国人通过食物种类区分场合和就餐者，是核心区分标准；
- C. “家庭成员和客人”：是区分后的结果之一，并非直接区分的维度；
- D. “零食和汉堡”：仅为举例中的食物类型，并非整体区分标准。
- 解题关键：抓住 “the kind of food that is served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present”，明确食物种类是区分的核心。
A) They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.
B) They attach more importance to workers than equipment.
C) They see the gaining of skills as their employees' own business.
D) They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition.
- 本题考查细节理解题，需定位美国公司人力资源管理的核心特点。
- 原文依据：“Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labour is simply another factor of production to be hired-rented at the lowest possible cost-much as one buys raw materials or equipment.”
- 选项分析：
- A. “不计技能以最低成本雇佣”：原文说 “以最低成本雇佣”，但未说 “不计技能”，过于绝对；
- B. “重视员工胜于设备”：与原文 “劳动力仅为生产要素之一，如同原材料或设备” 矛盾；
- C. “认为技能获取是员工自己的事” 与原文 “Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility” 完全一致，符合题意；
- D. “因竞争激烈只雇佣熟练工”：原文未提及 “只雇佣熟练工”，无中生有。
- 解题关键：锁定 “individual responsibility” 这一核心表述，直接匹配选项 C。
But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the classic act of reading.
但如今我担忧的，与其说是普遍存在的基础读写能力匮乏问题，不如说是一个稍显 “奢侈” 的问题 —— 即便是中产阶级读者，其阅读技能也在衰退，他们不愿留出那些安静的空间，不愿享受那些居家、时间与专注的奢侈，而这些正是经典阅读行为不可或缺的环绕条件。
- 句式调整：
- “less...than...” 译为 “与其说…… 不如说……”，准确传达对比关系；
- 定语从句 “that surround the classic act of reading” 译为中文短句 “而这些正是经典阅读行为不可或缺的环绕条件”，避免冗长；
- 词汇处理：
- “elemental literacy” 译为 “基础读写能力”，“elemental” 强调 “基本的、基础的”；
- “afford those spaces of silence” 译为 “留出那些安静的空间”，“afford” 此处意为 “愿意花费（时间、空间等）”；
- “luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration” 译为 “居家、时间与专注的奢侈”，并列名词结构符合中文表达习惯。
原文：艺术的核心价值在于探索人性的复杂，而不仅仅是表达表面的喜怒哀乐。
The core value of art lies in exploring the complexity of human nature, rather than merely expressing superficial joys and sorrows.
- 句式结构：
- “在于” 译为 “lies in”，后接动名词短语 “exploring...”，符合英文表达习惯；
- “而不仅仅是” 译为 “rather than merely”，准确体现转折关系；
- 词汇处理：
- “核心价值” 译为 “core value”，固定表达；
- “人性的复杂” 译为 “the complexity of human nature”，“complexity” 强调 “复杂的本质”；
- “表面的喜怒哀乐” 译为 “superficial joys and sorrows”，简洁传达 “表面情绪” 的含义。
Write an essay on the topic "The Importance of Lifelong Learning for Professionals" with no less than 200 words. You should include: 1. The challenges professionals face in modern society; 2. The role of lifelong learning; 3. How to practice lifelong learning.
The Importance of Lifelong Learning for Professionals
In the rapidly changing modern society, professionals are confronted with unprecedented challenges. Technological innovations, industry upgrades, and shifting market demands make existing knowledge and skills obsolete quickly. For example, IT engineers must keep pace with emerging programming languages, while educators need to adapt to new teaching methodologies. Those who stop learning will soon be left behind.
Lifelong learning plays a pivotal role in helping professionals navigate these challenges. It enables individuals to update their knowledge reserves, enhance professional competence, and maintain competitiveness. Moreover, lifelong learning fosters critical thinking and adaptability, which are essential for solving complex problems in the workplace. It also brings personal growth, enriching one’s perspective and boosting confidence.
To practice lifelong learning, professionals can take various approaches. First, leveraging online courses and professional training programs allows flexible learning anytime and anywhere. Second, participating in industry seminars and workshops helps exchange ideas with peers and learn from experts. Finally, developing a habit of reading professional books and journals ensures continuous absorption of new information.
In conclusion, lifelong learning is no longer an option but a necessity for professionals. Only by committing to lifelong learning can they keep up with the times, achieve career success, and realize personal value.
- 结构框架：严格遵循提纲，先分析职业人士面临的挑战，再阐述终身学习的作用，最后给出实践方法，逻辑连贯；
- 语言表达：用词准确，结合具体例子增强说服力，篇幅约 220 词，符合要求。
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