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Mo Yan is ______ as one of China's most talented writers.
A. acclaimed B. claimed C. blamed D. studied
- 词汇含义及搭配辨析:
- A. acclaimed:意为 “广受赞誉;被高度认可”,固定搭配 “be acclaimed as”,符合 “莫言被公认为中国最具才华的作家之一” 的语境,正确;
- B. claimed:意为 “声称;主张”,常用搭配 “claim to be”(声称是),与 “被公认为” 语义不符,排除;
- C. blamed:意为 “被责备”,搭配 “be blamed for”(因…… 被责备),语义相反,排除;
- D. studied:意为 “被研究”,无 “被认可为” 的含义,排除。
- 语境验证:“acclaimed” 侧重 “因成就获得广泛赞誉”,贴合莫言作为知名作家的身份,是唯一符合逻辑的选项。
If it ______ for his help, I wouldn't be a university student now.
A. hasn't been B. hadn't been C. wasn't D. weren't
- 语法考点:虚拟语气(混合虚拟)。
- 逻辑分析:题干前半句是对 “过去事实的假设”(他过去的帮助),后半句是 “现在的结果”(我现在是大学生),属于 “从句对过去虚拟,主句对现在虚拟” 的混合虚拟结构。
- 选项分析:
- 对过去事实虚拟的条件从句,谓语动词需用 “had + 过去分词” 形式,故 “hadn't been” 正确;
- A. hasn't been(现在完成时)、C. wasn't(一般过去时)、D. weren't(一般过去时)均不符合混合虚拟的语法规则,排除。
- 例句拓展:If she hadn't helped me with my thesis, I wouldn't graduate on time.(如果她当时没帮我修改论文,我现在就不能按时毕业)。
To say that the child learns ______ imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies.
A. through B. from C. by D. with
- 介词搭配及语义逻辑:
- 空格后 “imitation”(模仿)是孩子学习的方式,需选择表 “通过某种方式” 的介词。
- A. through:意为 “通过;凭借”,侧重 “通过某种过程或方式达成目的”,“learn through imitation”(通过模仿学习)符合 “孩子通过模仿这一过程学习” 的语义,正确;
- B. from:意为 “从……”,搭配 “learn from sb./sth.”(向…… 学习),后接模仿的对象而非 “模仿” 这一行为,排除;
- C. by:表 “通过某种手段” 时,后接动名词(如 “learn by imitating”),不直接接名词 “imitation”,排除;
- D. with:意为 “用…… 工具”,与 “模仿” 语义无关,排除。
The child looks for a/an ______ or expert who can show what to do.
A. professional B. authority C. specialist D. teacher
- 词汇含义及语境匹配:
- 前文提到孩子在陌生情境中缺乏应对方法,会观察 “能得到正确结果的人”,此处需选择与 “expert(专家)” 并列、表 “能提供指导的人” 的词汇。
- A. professional:意为 “专业人士”,侧重 “具备专业技能的人”,范围较广,未突出 “指导者” 属性;
- B. authority:意为 “权威人士;行家”,与 “expert” 语义相近,且强调 “在某领域有话语权、能提供指导”,符合孩子寻找 “示范者” 的语境,正确;
- C. specialist:意为 “专科医生;专才”,侧重 “某一细分领域的专家”,语义过于具体,不贴合 “日常情境中的指导者”;
- D. teacher:意为 “教师”,特指 “从事教学工作的人”,而孩子寻找的是 “能示范正确行为的人”,不一定是教师,范围过窄,排除。
What part did Alexander the Great play in the flowering of Greek culture during the Hellenistic Age?
A. It was his wisdom and power which aided its growth.
B. He helped especially in the area of science.
C. It was in social reforms that he contributed most.
D. He had no direct involvement whatsoever.
- 定位原文:首段明确 “Hellenistic Age began after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C.”(希腊化时代始于公元前 323 年亚历山大大帝去世后),即希腊文化的繁荣发生在他去世后。
- 选项分析:
- A、B、C 均声称亚历山大大帝直接推动了文化繁荣,与 “时代始于其去世后” 的时间逻辑矛盾,排除;
- D. “他没有任何直接参与” 符合时间线,正确。
- 解题关键:抓住 “began after the death” 这一核心时间信息,排除所有涉及 “直接贡献” 的选项。
It is indicated in the passage that most people dislike their jobs because ______.
A. going to work is wasting their time
B. they can't feel fulfilled in their jobs
C. they are confined to the jobs tightly
D. pay seldom corresponds with work
- 定位原文:第三段首句 “The second and perhaps more prevalent reason for people not to like their work is that they feel trapped.”(人们不喜欢工作的第二个且可能更普遍的原因是他们感到受困),后文补充 “有配偶、房贷和孩子后,难以辞职”“稳定的薪水是最大的束缚”。
- 选项分析:
- A. “工作浪费时间” 是第一个次要原因,并非 “大多数人” 的主要原因,排除;
- B. “无法在工作中获得成就感” 原文未提及,排除;
- C. “被工作紧紧束缚” 与 “feel trapped”“难以辞职” 完全对应,正确;
- D. “薪资与工作不匹配” 原文无相关表述,排除。
- 解题关键:区分 “次要原因” 与 “更普遍的主要原因”,聚焦 “prevalent”(普遍的)修饰的核心观点。
There is a theory among Occidentals that the Chinaman is inscrutable, full of secret thoughts, and impossible for us to understand.
西方人中流传着一种说法,认为中国人高深莫测,内心想法隐秘,我们根本无法理解。
- 词汇精准处理:
- “inscrutable” 译为 “高深莫测”,比 “不可理解的” 更贴合 “神秘、难以捉摸” 的语境;
- “full of secret thoughts” 译为 “内心想法隐秘”,避免直译 “充满秘密想法” 的生硬感,更符合中文表达习惯。
- 句式优化:
- 同位语从句 “that the Chinaman is...” 译为 “认为……”,将英文复杂句拆分为中文短句,逻辑清晰,无语序混乱问题。
明朝有一位伟大的地理学家叫徐霞客。徐霞客从小喜欢阅读历史、地理、探险、游记一类书籍,长大以后,他决心毕生从事旅行事业,去探寻祖国美好河山的奥秘。
During the Ming Dynasty, there was a great geographer named Xu Xiake. From childhood, he loved reading books on history, geography, exploration and travelogues. When he grew up, he resolved to devote his entire life to traveling to explore the mysteries of his motherland's magnificent rivers and mountains.
- 术语规范:
- “明朝” 译为 “During the Ming Dynasty”,符合历史术语翻译习惯;
- “地理学家” 译为 “geographer”,“游记” 译为 “travelogues”,精准对应专业词汇。
- 句式流畅:
- 拆分中文长句为三个英文短句,用 “From childhood”“When he grew up” 衔接时间逻辑,符合英文 “多短句、重衔接” 的表达习惯;
- “毕生从事” 译为 “devote his entire life to”,“探寻奥秘” 译为 “explore the mysteries”,语义完整且贴合语境。
- 开篇点题:明确观点 —— 全球化不等于美国化,它是多元文化交流融合的过程,美国化只是其表面现象,核心是资源、文化、技术的全球流动与共享。
- 核心论点展开:
- 论点一:全球化的本质是多元融合而非单一同化。例如,中国的儒家文化、日本的动漫文化、印度的电影文化均通过全球化走向世界,与美国文化并存,而非被美国化;
- 论点二:美国化是全球化进程中的阶段性现象,源于美国在经济、科技领域的暂时优势,但并非全球化的必然结果。随着中国、印度等新兴经济体的崛起,多元文化在全球舞台的话语权逐渐提升;
- 论点三:全球化的核心价值是互利共赢。各国通过贸易往来、技术交流获得发展机遇,如中国的高铁技术走向全球,既推动自身发展,也为其他国家带来便利,这与 “美国化” 的单一输出逻辑完全不同。
- 结尾总结:全球化是不可逆转的趋势,其价值在于尊重文化多样性、促进互利共赢。我们应理性看待全球化中的文化交流,既吸收外来优秀文化,也坚守自身文化特色,避免将其简单等同于美国化。
Globalization: Beyond Americanization
There is a widespread concern that globalization is merely a disguise for Americanization. However, this view oversimplifies the nature of globalization, which is essentially a process of multi-cultural exchange and mutual benefit rather than a single cultural assimilation.
Firstly, globalization emphasizes cultural diversity rather than uniformity. While American culture, represented by Hollywood movies and fast food, has gained global popularity, other cultures have also thrived through globalization. For instance, Confucianism has been widely studied worldwide, Japanese anime has a huge global fan base, and Indian Bollywood movies have found audiences beyond South Asia. These examples prove that globalization allows various cultures to coexist and flourish, not just Americanize the world.
Secondly, Americanization is a temporary phenomenon driven by America's economic and technological advantages, not the essence of globalization. With the rise of emerging economies like China and India, multi-cultural voices are increasingly heard on the global stage. Chinese high-speed rail technology, Indian IT services, and Brazilian music have all made significant impacts globally, showing that globalization is a two-way street rather than a one-way American cultural export.
Finally, the core value of globalization lies in win-win cooperation. Countries benefit from global trade, technological exchange and resource sharing. For example, China's Belt and Road Initiative has promoted infrastructure construction in many countries, bringing development opportunities to both sides. This kind of mutual benefit has nothing to do with Americanization; it is the true meaning of globalization.
In conclusion, globalization is not equivalent to Americanization. It is a dynamic process that respects cultural diversity and promotes mutual development. We should embrace globalization with an open mind, absorb the essence of foreign cultures while preserving our own cultural identity, and work together to build a more inclusive and prosperous global community.
- 主题契合:紧扣 “全球化是否等于美国化” 的核心争议,观点明确,论证层层递进;
- 论据充分:结合文化、经济、技术等多个领域的实例,增强说服力,避免空洞论述;
- 语言规范:使用 “assimilation”“flourish”“mutual benefit” 等学术词汇,句式包含定语从句、状语从句,符合考博英语写作的正式性要求,字数约 230 词,满足题干限制。
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