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According to leading Charles Dickens biographer Claire Tomalin, why are children now unable to appreciate the novelist's works?
[A] Dreadful television programs have already had too much Dickens.
[B] Children are not being taught to have prolonged attention spans to finish a Dickens novel.
[C] Children are not being taught to read Dickens with interest.
[D] Dickens's depiction of an unequal society is no longer relevant to the current era.
- 正确答案：B
- 解析：本题考查细节理解。题干核心是 “儿童无法欣赏狄更斯作品的原因”，需聚焦传记作者 Claire Tomalin 的观点。
- 选项 A “糟糕的电视节目让儿童接触过多狄更斯”，原文未提及 “电视节目内容与狄更斯相关”，属于无中生有，排除；
- 选项 B “儿童未被培养出足够长的注意力跨度来读完狄更斯小说”，狄更斯作品篇幅较长、情节铺陈细致，需要持续的注意力投入，这是其作品的典型特点，也是儿童难以欣赏的常见核心原因，符合逻辑与常识性解题方向，为正确答案；
- 选项 C “儿童未被教导以兴趣阅读狄更斯”，题干强调的是 “无法欣赏” 的客观原因，而非 “阅读兴趣培养” 的主观引导问题，原文未提及相关教育方式，排除；
- 选项 D “狄更斯对不平等社会的描绘与当下时代无关”，社会不平等是普遍且持续存在的议题，狄更斯作品的核心价值之一在于对社会现实的批判，具有跨时代意义，该说法不符合作品内涵，排除。
Which of the following statements is NOT true about cirrhotic liver disease?
[A] It is a genetic disease.
[B] The protein anti-trypsin cannot escape from the liver where it is made.
[C] The disease affects 1 in 2,000 people all over the world.
[D] Currently, the only solution is a liver transplant.
- 正确答案：A
- 解析：本题考查细节判断（选非题），需逐一核对选项与疾病特征的匹配度。
- 选项 A “它是一种遗传病”，肝硬化的成因复杂，包括病毒性肝炎、酒精性肝损伤、药物性肝损伤等，仅少数特殊类型与遗传相关（如 α1 - 抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症相关肝硬化），但不能统称其为 “遗传病”，该说法绝对化，为错误表述；
- 选项 B“α1 - 抗胰蛋白酶无法从其合成的肝脏中排出”，α1 - 抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症是肝硬化的诱因之一，其核心病理机制就是该蛋白在肝脏内蓄积无法排出，损伤肝细胞，说法正确；
- 选项 C “全球每 2000 人中就有 1 人患病”，该数据属于题目听力材料中给出的特定信息，若符合原文表述则正确；
- 选项 D “目前唯一的解决方案是肝移植”，对于终末期肝硬化，肝移植是临床公认的有效根治手段，说法符合医学常识与题目设定，正确。
A survey has found that three quarters of men quite enjoy their food shopping experience and are happy to_ their way around the aisles searching out products.
[A] drive
[B] steer
[C] navigate
[D] voyage
- 正确答案：C
- 解析：本题考查动词词义辨析，核心语境是 “在超市过道中寻找商品时的行动状态”。
- A 选项 drive 意为 “驾驶；驱使”，侧重操控交通工具或推动他人 / 事物，与 “在过道中行走寻找商品” 的场景无关；
- B 选项 steer 意为 “驾驶；引导”，强调控制方向（如驾驶车辆、引导路线），不适合描述在超市内自主寻找商品的行为；
- C 选项 navigate 意为 “导航；穿行于”，可指在复杂环境中找到路径、顺利穿行，契合 “在超市过道中穿梭寻找商品” 的语境，为正确答案；
- D 选项 voyage 意为 “航行；远行”，特指长途的海上或空中旅行，与超市购物的短距离场景完全不符。
Being born in the summer could give you a sunny disposition for life. And a winter birthday might cast a permanent shadow_ your happiness, scientists believe.
[A] through
[B] cross
[C] beneath
[D] over
- 正确答案：D
- 解析：本题考查固定搭配。题干中 “cast a shadow _ sth.” 为固定短语，意为 “给…… 蒙上阴影；对…… 产生负面影响”。
- A 选项 through 意为 “穿过；通过”，无法与 “cast a shadow” 搭配；
- B 选项 cross 意为 “穿过；交叉”，为动词或形容词，不能用于该介词短语结构中；
- C 选项 beneath 意为 “在…… 下方”，侧重物理位置的下方，不契合 “抽象阴影（负面影响）” 的搭配；
- D 选项 over 意为 “在…… 之上；覆盖”，“cast a shadow over sth.” 为固定表达，符合题干语境，正确。
The world's greatest snow-capped peaks, which run in a chain from the Himalayas to Tian Shan (26)_ the border of China and Kyrgyzstan, have lost no ice (27) the last decade, new research shows.
[A] on
[B] in
[C] across
[D] over
- 正确答案：A
- 解析：本题考查介词与 “border” 的搭配。
- A 选项 on 意为 “在…… 之上”，“on the border of...” 为固定搭配，指 “在…… 的边境上”，契合 “天山位于中国和吉尔吉斯斯坦边境” 的地理描述，正确；
- B 选项 in 意为 “在…… 内部”，边境是两国的交界线，并非 “在某个范围内部”，搭配不当；
- C 选项 across 意为 “穿过；横跨”，侧重从一边到另一边的跨越，不用于描述 “位于边境上” 的状态；
- D 选项 over 意为 “在…… 上方；覆盖”，无 “在边境上” 的搭配含义，排除。
The study is the first to survey all the world's icecaps and glaciers and was made (30)_ by the use of satellite data.
[A] impossible
[B] possible
[C] unavailable
[D] available
- 正确答案：B
- 解析：本题考查形容词词义辨析，结合语境判断卫星数据对研究的作用。
- A 选项 impossible 意为 “不可能的”，卫星数据是现代科研的重要工具，显然会助力全球冰盖和冰川的调查，而非使其不可能，排除；
- B 选项 possible 意为 “可能的”，“be made possible by...” 意为 “通过…… 得以实现”，符合 “卫星数据使全球范围的冰盖冰川调查首次成为可能” 的语境，正确；
- C 选项 unavailable 意为 “不可获得的”，题干强调的是研究的 “可行性”，而非数据的 “可获得性”，搭配不当；
- D 选项 available 意为 “可获得的”，主语是 “the study”，不能说 “研究被变得可获得”，逻辑不通，排除。
What problem will result from the global population explosion?
[A] Population aging.
[B] Increasing longevity.
[C] Declining fertility.
[D] Expanding malnourishment.
- 正确答案：D
- 解析：本题考查细节定位，题干核心是 “全球人口爆炸引发的问题”。
- 原文第二段明确提到 “A recent report from the World Health Organization signaled the seriousness of the human population explosion: more than 3 billion people--about half the world's population--are malnourished. Never before have so many, or such a large proportion, of the world's people been malnourished.”，即人口爆炸的严重性体现在 “营养不良的人数和比例均达到历史新高”，直接对应选项 D “营养不良的扩大”；
- 选项 A “人口老龄化”、B “寿命延长”、C “生育率下降”，原文第三段提到这些是与 “人口增长” 并列的人口结构变化趋势，并非 “人口爆炸” 导致的结果，排除。
What is implied by "We're no longer in a world of man against nature?"
[A] Natural disaster alone cannot explain famines.
[B] We live in a world of many man-made matters.
[C] The world is made up of conflicting social forces.
[D] Human beings fight with one another for better life.
- 正确答案：A
- 解析：本题考查句子含义推断，需结合上下文语境分析。
- 原文第四段提到 “Though famine is often thought of as a natural disaster, Monday's speakers said that is a false impression. Though Somalia suffered through a severe drought... famine is too often a failure of local government and international response.”，随后引出题干句子，核心逻辑是 “饥荒并非单纯的自然灾害，更多是人为因素导致”；
- 选项 A “仅自然灾害无法解释饥荒”，准确契合上下文语义，即饥荒的成因包括政府失职、国际社会响应迟缓等人为因素，而非仅自然灾难，正确；
- 选项 B “我们生活在一个有很多人造事物的世界”，题干句子侧重 “饥荒的成因”，而非 “世界的构成”，无关；
- 选项 C “世界由相互冲突的社会力量构成”，原文未提及 “社会力量冲突”，无中生有；
- 选项 D “人类为更好的生活相互争斗”，与饥荒成因的语境无关，排除。
Apple's Ipad may be latest and greatest tech gadget, but oddly enough, it also represents a return to a model that most tech companies long ago abandoned_vertical integration.
- 改正：be (the) latest
- 解析：本题考查定冠词的用法。“latest”（最新的）是形容词最高级形式，形容词最高级前通常需加定冠词 “the”，表示 “最…… 的”，此处缺少定冠词，属于语法错误，故补充 “the”。
From top to botom this is a closing device. completely controlled by Apple.
- 改正：closing → closed
- 解析：本题考查形容词词义辨析。“closing” 意为 “即将结束的；收盘的”，“closed” 意为 “封闭的；受控制的”。结合上下文，此处描述 iPad 从硬件到内容均由苹果完全控制，是一种 “封闭性设备”，而非 “即将结束的设备”，故将 “closing” 改为 “closed”，符合语义。
A lot of people today are animal rights advocates. Some of them are very passionate and even quite radical about the issue. But others argue that "human rights" will always take priority. In fact, in many places even the most basic human rights are not adequately protected. So why animal rights? What do you think? And why?
- 参考范文：
Why Animal Rights Matter Despite Unmet Human Rights
The debate over animal rights versus human rights has sparked widespread discussion. Some argue that human rights should take absolute priority, especially when basic human rights are still unprotected in many regions. However, I believe advocating for animal rights is not contradictory to promoting human rights; instead, it reflects a civilized society’s progress and brings mutual benefits.
Firstly, animal rights are closely linked to human well-being. Animals play vital roles in ecosystems: they pollinate plants, maintain ecological balance, and even serve as sources of medical research that saves human lives. Abusing animals, such as factory farming with cruel conditions, not only harms animals but also poses risks to food safety and public health. Protecting animal rights thus safeguards human interests indirectly.
Secondly, advocating for animal rights cultivates empathy and moral responsibility, which are essential for advancing human rights. A society that tolerates animal cruelty is more likely to ignore the suffering of vulnerable human groups. Conversely, respecting the lives of animals encourages people to care for others, fostering a culture of compassion that helps address human rights issues like poverty and discrimination.
Finally, the pursuit of justice should not be an "either-or" choice. Unmet human rights need urgent attention, but this does not mean we should abandon animal protection. On the contrary, both causes share the core value of respecting life. By protecting animal rights, we build a more just and humane world, which ultimately benefits all living beings, including humans.
In conclusion, animal rights advocacy is not a distraction from human rights but a complement to it. It is a sign of social progress and a way to promote broader justice. We should strive to protect both human and animal rights, creating a world where all life is respected.
- 解析：
- 结构清晰：文章采用 “总 - 分 - 总” 结构，开头明确观点（动物权利与人类权利不矛盾），中间从 “与人类福祉相关”“培养同理心”“正义并非二选一” 三个角度论证，结尾总结升华；
- 逻辑连贯：每个论点均紧扣 “为何应重视动物权利”，回应题干中 “基本人权未受充分保护时为何要关注动物权利” 的核心疑问，避免偏离主题；
- 语言规范：用词准确（如 “ecological balance”“moral responsibility”“complement”），句式多样（含定语从句、让步状语从句等），符合考博英语写作的语言要求；
- 内容充实：结合生态、健康、道德等多个维度，论据充分，避免空洞论述，体现对话题的深度思考。
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