东华大学考博英语真题,考博英语试题

东华大学
2006 年（春）博士研究生招生考试试题
考试科目：英语
（考生注意：答案须写在答题纸上。写在本试题上，一律不给分）

English Entrance Examination for DHU Ph.D. Candidates
Nov. 2005
Part I Listening Comprehension (15 points)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the
question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the
pause, you must read the four choices marked a,b,c and d, and decide which is the best
answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1. a. In a kitchen. b. In Room 204. c. In a garden. d. In a hotel.
2. a. The first house they saw is too expensive. b. They may save some money for the
time being. c. She is happy with price set by the seller. d. Less money will be spent in
maintaining the house.
3. a. Go swimming. b. Stay at home. c. Attend a football game. d. Go shopping.
4. a. No, because there is no ladder. b. No, because Henry likes the present color. c.
Yes, someone else painted it. d. Yes, Henry painted it.
5. a. 7:00. b. 6:45. c. 6:30. d. 6:00.
6. a. He forgot to take the interview. b. He hopes that he will do better during the
interview. c. It will be hard for him to forget about the interview. d. The interview
was very pleasant.
7. a. Opinions about the book are varied. b. You shouldn't believe everything you read.
c. The woman wonders which newspaper the man is reading. d. The man thinks the
book is excellent.
8. a. She was invited to the party. b. She was present for the party. c. She was absent
from the party. d. She went to the party.
9. a. He thinks it's better to go right now. b. He doesn't agree with the woman. c. He
thinks there is no sense in waiting. d. He thinks it's wise to wait.
10. a. To remind him of the data he should take to the conference. b. To see if he is
ready for the coming conference. c. To tell him something about the conference. d. To
help him prepare for the conference.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,
you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only
once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices
marked a,b,c and d. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Questions 11-13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11. a. They help each other in a way. b. They have nothing to do with each other. c.
They depend on each other. d. They have something to do with each other.
12. a. Man alters his environment while he is adapted. b. Man is only adapted to the
environment but he doesn't alter it. c. Other living things change their environment
while man does not. d. Other living things are not only adapted to their environment but
also alter it.
13. a. The relationship between living things and their environment. b. The relationship
between man and his environment. c. The relationship between man and living things.
d. The relationship between man's brain and other living things.
Passage Two
Questions 14-16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14. a. 10 points. b. 2 points. c. 15 points. d. 5 points.
15. a. They will take one of the six major tests. b. They will be given a pop test. c.
They will be required to read a short story in class. d. They will have to write a
composition.
16. a. A book. b. A magazine. c. A poem. d. A short story.
Passage Three
Questions 17-20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
17. a. It's very interesting. b. It's much the same. c. It's very tiring. d. It's very
exciting.
18. a. A man in poor clothes. b. A man of nothing special. c. A man out of the
ordinary. d. An ordinary man but in good clothes.
19. a. Because he was too proud to speak to him. b. Because he was too lazy to say
anything. c. Because he thought they couldn't be on good terms. d. Because he was a
quiet man.
20. a. His companion locked the speaker inside the cabin. b. His companion jumped
into the sea. c. The speaker jumped into the sea. d. His companion died in bed.
Part II Vocabulary
Section A (0.5 point each)
Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set
of words underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked a,b,c and d.
Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the
corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.
21. The college residence is so large that it can hold one hundred students. But some
students don't want to live in the college because it is too expensive. a. accommodate
b. keep c. include d. contain
22. When the results of the vote were declared, the president admitted his defeat in the
election campaign. a. accepted b. realized c. acknowledged d. confessed
23. You'll succeed in the final examination if you stick to your belief that you are not a
failure. a. adhere to b. carry out c. loyal to d. believe in
24. The children were full of animation as they went to the zoo. For it is the first time for
them to go outing. a. animals b. excitement c. fright d. annoyance
25. On Spring Festival she liked to be dressed in her finery, which made her look so
beautiful. a. decorated b. made up c. arrayed d. covered
26. The army launch a major assault against the rebel army and many citizens joined the
army. a. movement b. attack c. campaign d. calamity
27. The sense of responsibility is thought to be an asset in teaching and it is also a quality
valued in most careers. a. valuable quality b. characteristic c. disposition d.
feature
28. She was tempted by the advertisement to buy a lot of useless thing. Most of the time
ads are not for the case of customers but for the commercial purpose. a. attempted b.
attracted c. lured d. persuaded
29. There is an argument that Lincoln was assassinated by an actor. a. killed b. shot
c. murdered d. stabbed
30. It was said that $1,000 had been paid for the kidnapped boy but the local authorities
denied the ransom for the hostage. a. authoritarian b. powerful people c. elite d.
government officials
Section B (0.5 point each)
Directions: In each sentence, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably
complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choices on the Answer
Sheet.
31. His strange behavior had greatly ______ me and my friends as well that evening. a.
perplexed b. exhausted c. exclaimed d. exceeded
32. The ______ newspaper accounts of the marital problems of the royal couple
fascinated many readers but made others a little uncomfortable. a. sensational b.
sensuous c. sentient d. sentiment
33. The ink had faded with time and so parts of the letter were ______. a. illiterate b.
illegible c. illegitimate d. illegal
34. A guiding belief behind our Constitution is that individuals have certain ______
rights that ought to be protected from government interference. a. adherent b.
coherent c. cohesion d. inherent
35. It's necessary to make your handwritings ______ when you fill in an official form. a.
reconcilable b. legitimate c. legible d. formal
36. The boy could not ______ the temptation of the piece of chocolate and revealed the
secret. a. persist b. resist c. desist d. insist
37. The items contained in the parcel don't correspond ______ those on the list that
accompanied it. a. against b. for c. about d. with
38. The story was so funny that we were all in ______. a. convulse b. convulsions c.
convulsive d. convulsed
39. He told anyone who would listen how his brilliant daughter had been accepted by the
most ______ universities in the country. a. precious b. prescriptive c. prestigious d.
presumptuous
40. She has always been a conscientious secretary since the day she entered my company.
The suggestion that I wanted her to resign is quite ______. a. thoughtful b. reasonable
c. unfounded d. early
Part III Reading Comprehension (30 points)
Directions: There are 6 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked a,b,c
and d. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the
ANSWER SHEET.
Passage 1
Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is debatable; that they are intensely
important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a
baby's life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real:
a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes
covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is
presented a profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as
the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw
people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people
with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother's back, infants do
not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese
adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle
reveals that the "proper place to focus one's gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the
neck of one's conversation partner."
The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well
defined; speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then
Passage 6
About the time that schools and others quite reasonably became interested in seeing
to it that all children, whatever their background, were fairly treated, intelligence testing
became unpopular.
Some thought it was unfair to minority children. Through the past few decades such
testing has gone out of fashion and many communities have indeed forbidden it.
However, paradoxically, just recently a group of black parents filed a lawsuit in
California claiming that the state's ban on IQ testing discriminates against their children
by denying them the opportunity to take the test. (They believed, correctly, that IQ tests
are a valid method of evaluating children for special education classes.) The judge,
therefore, reversed, at least partially, his original decision.
And so the argument goes on and on. Does it benefit or harm children from minority
groups to have their intelligence tested? We have always been on the side of permitting,
even facilitating, such testing. If a child of any color or group is doing poorly in school it
seems to us very important to know whether it is because he or she is of low intelligence,
or whether some other factor is the cause.
What school and family can do to improve poor performance is influenced by its
cause. It is not discriminative to evaluate either a child's physical condition or his
intellectual level.
Unfortunately, intellectual level seems to be a sensitive subject, and what the law
allows us to do varies from time to time. The same fluctuation back and forth occurs in
areas other than intelligence. Thirty years or so ago, for instance, white families were
encouraged to adopt black children. It was considered discriminative not to do so.
And then the style changed and this cross-racial adopting became generally
unpopular, and social agencies felt that black children should go to black families only. It
is hard to say what are the best procedures. But surely good will on the part of all of us is
needed.
As to intelligence, in our opinion, the more we know about any child's intellectual
level, the better for the child in question.
66. Why did the intelligence test become unpopular in the past few decades? a. Its
validity was challenged by many communities. b. It was considered discriminative
against minority children. c. It met with strong opposition from the majority of black
parents. d. It deprived the black children of their rights to a good education.
67. The recent legal action taken by some black parents in California aimed to ______.
a. draw public attention to IQ testing b. remove the state's ban on intelligence tests c.
put an end to special education d. have their children enter white schools
68. The author believes that intelligence testing ______. a. may ease racial
confrontation in the United States b. can encourage black children to keep up with
white children c. may seriously aggravate racial discrimination in the United States d.
can help black parents make decisions about their children's education
69. The author's opinion of child adoption seems to be that ______. a. no rules
whatsoever can be prescribed b. white families should adopt black children c.
adoption should be based on IQ test results d. cross-racial adoption is to be advocated
70. Child adoption is mentioned in the passage to show that ______. a. good will may
sometimes complicate racial problems b. social surroundings are vital to the healthy
growth of children c. intelligence testing also applies to non-academic areas d.
American opinion can shift when it comes to sensitive issues
Part IV Cloze Test (10 points)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four
choices marked a,b,c and d on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE
that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER
SHEET.
The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up
people involved in prominent cases __71__ the trial of Rosemary West.
In a significant __72__ of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord
Chancellor, will introduce a __73__ bill that will propose making payments to witnesses
__74__ and will strictly control the amount of __75__ that can be given to a case __76__
a trial begins.
In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select
committee, Lord Irvine said he __77__ with a committee report this year which said that
self regulation did not __78__ sufficient control.
__79__ of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a __80__ of media
protest when he said the __81__ of privacy controls contained in European legislation
would be left to judges __82__ to Parliament.
The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which __83__ the
European Convention on Human Rights legally __84__ in Britain, laid down that
everybody was __85__ to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect
themselves and their families.
"Press freedoms will be in safe hands __86__ our British judges," he said.
Witness payments became an __87__ after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences
in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were __88__ to have received payments for telling their
stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised __89__ witnesses might be encouraged to
exaggerate their stories in court to __90__ guilty verdicts.
71. a. as to b. for instance c. in particular d. such as
72. a. tightening b. intensifying c. focusing d. fastening
73. a. sketch b. rough c. preliminary d. draft
74. a. illogical b. illegal c. improbable d. improper
75. a. publicity b. penalty c. popularity d. peculiarity
76. a. since b. if c. before d. as
77. a. sided b. shared c. complied d. agreed
78. a. present b. offer c. manifest d. indicate
79. a. Release b. Publication c. Printing d. Exposure
80. a. storm b. rage c. flare d. flash
81. a. translation b. interpretation c. exhibition d. demonstration
82. a. better than b. other than c. rather than d. sooner then
83. a. changes b. makes c. sets d. turns
84. a. binding b. convincing c. restraining d. sustaining
85. a. authorized b. credited c. entitled d. qualified
86. a. with b. to c. from d. by
87. a. impact b. incident c. inference d. issue
88. a. stated b. remarked c. said d. told
89. a. what b. when c. which d. that
90. a. assure b. confide c. ensure d. guarantee
Part V Error Correction (10 points)
Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10
mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word. Mark out the
mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided.
Graf is no longer an ascending child star, and a rapidly maturing, well-established
one, who is endeavoring for the realization that life and tennis from now to only get more
complicated. Her vencer(风貌) of invincibility fell out at the French Open when Arantxa
Sanchez, 17, upset him, and Graf seemed almost appreciative, embracing the Spaniard
afterward. Although she defeated second-ranked Martina Navratilova to defend her
Wimbledon title in a difficult three-set match, she alternately giggled and wept.
"you enjoy at even more than you do before," she said. "When you lose a couple of
times, it makes you realized how difficult it is. There was times last year when I just
didn't know how much I was winning, and how tough it was."
Graf's performance in the last three years has scarcely seemed like a chore, however.
She made the finals in 10 straight Grand Slam events, and won six of them. Her massive
baseline game, in particularly, the forehand that could fell a tree, has become recognized
as the most significant occurrence in tennis since Chris Evert struck a two-handed
backhand, and then Navratilova ask her axelike and volleys. The number and ease of her
victories are such that she had already said she can't see playing the game much beyond
her 20s.
Part VI Translation (10 points)
Directions: In this part you are required to turn the following paragraph into English.
Please write it on the Answer Sheet.
假如你调查美国工人是否赞同他们所在公司的政策，我相信你会发现仅有很少
的一部分人回答是肯定的；其余的人则是出于生计而出卖自己的技能，从事一些他
们认为有害的工作。此类工作不可能带来真正的满足感。一个人为了做这份工作，
就得不断作出妥协，使得自己变得如此愤世嫉俗(cynical)，以至于做其他任何事情
也无法获得真正的满足。我不能责备从事这种工作的人，因为他们另一个严峻的选
择就是饥饿；我想的是怎样才能既不挨饿又可以从事满足创造欲的工作。从个人是
否幸福的观点考虑，如果他选择上述工作，而不选择那些报酬很高而对他来说似乎
没有任何意义的工作，他一定是经过深思熟虑的。没有自尊，是不可能有真正的幸
福的。而一个对自己的工作感到脸上无光的人，很难获得自尊。
Part VII Writing (15 points)
Directions: Many people complain that privacy is hard to find in modern society. Do you
share this opinion? Write an essay in about 150 words to clarify your ideas. The
suggested title is Privacy in Modern Society.