Part I  Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)
Directions: Each of the following sentences is incomplete and is followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.
1. In 1983 the National Science Foundation (NSF), ______ mission is to promote science, took over the network.
A. their
B. that
C. when
D. whose
2. This new NSF network attracted more and more institutional users, many of ______ had their own internal networks.
A. what
B. which
C. these
D. them
3. This electronic superhighway is called the Internet, ______ it is the backbone of the World Wide Web.
A. and
B. yet
C. or
D. while
4. For example, most universities that joined the NSF network had intracampus computer networks. The NSF network ______ became a connector for thousands of other networks.
A. moreover
B. however
C. likewise
D. then
5. He tried to hide his ______ patch by sweeping his hair over to one side.
A. barren
B. bare
C. bald
D. bleak
6. The old couple now still ______ for their beloved son, 30 years after his death.
A. cherish
B. groan
C. immerse
D. mourn
7. Coffee is the ______ of this district and brings local farmers a lot of money.
A. majority
B. staple
C. spice
D. elite
8. Before we move, we should ______ some of the old furniture, so that we can have more room in the new house.
A. discard
B. dissipate
C. cancel
D. conceal
9. I am ______ with my duties.
A. overflowed
B. overthrown
C. overwhelmed
D. overturned
10. I’m sorry ______ answered your letter earlier.
A. having not
B. not having
C. not to have
D. to not have
11. ______ they got into the classroom ______ the bell rang.
A. Hardly...then
B. Hardly...than
C. No sooner...than
D. No sooner...when
12. Had I known her true feelings, I ______ that.
A. would not say
B. should not say
C. must have said
D. wouldn’t have said
13. The little boy’s dream of ______ a pianist came true.
A. becomes
B. became
C. becoming
D. to become
14. When talking about the answer to the question, neither I nor he ______ right.
A. is
B. am
C. are
D. be
15. I would rather that she ______ there immediately.
A. will go
B. went
C. goes
D. is to go
16. Only in this way ______ the foreign language well.
A. can we learn
B. can learn we
C. should we learn
D. we can learn
17. He wished he ______ more about the subject, so he could talk about it.
A. had known
B. knew
C. would know
D. knows
18. He was late for his work this morning, for his car happened to ______ on the highway.
A. break up
B. break down
C. break out
D. break off
19. It was in 1777 ______ Vermont, threatened with invasion, declared itself an independent commonwealth.
A. when
B. that
C. in which
D. which
20. The wind ______ the clouds and the sun was again visible.
A. dispersed
B. distributed
C. displaced
D. displayed
21. She admired the director to such an extent that she took his words as ______ oracles.
A. divine
B. rebellious
C. faithful
D. unbearable
22. The wreckage of the exploded car ______ the traffic.
A. interfered
B. interpreted
C. disrupted
D. corrupted
23. It was a close boxing game, but the boxer in blue was ______ to be the winner by three of the four referees.
A. destined
B. deemed
C. doomed
D. adapted
24. I’m acting as ______ while the manager is away on business.
A. agency
B. policy
C. deputy
D. colleague
25. His ______ personality provides good material for critics.
A. mature
B. considered
C. literate
D. dual
26. The end ______ the means. This saying implies even a wrong or unfair method may be allowed if the result or purpose of the action is good.
A. modifies
B. justifies
C. purifies
D. testifies
27. The ______ of Confucius built the temple in memory of their ancestor.
A. descendants
B. predecessors
C. correspondents
D. opponents
28. The chancellor ______ the fact that he was the centre of criticism and stuck to his reforms.
A. discharged
B. disregarded
C. disguised
D. disposed
29. It was courageous enough for Galileo to ______ the falling object theory developed by Aristotle, the authoritative Greek scientist.
A. advance
B. defy
C. justify
D. translate
30. Eggs were on sale, and the shoppers ______ the bargain.
A. snatched up
B. snapped up
C. smashed up
D. summoned up
Part II  Reading Comprehension (30 points)
Direction: In this part there are 5 passages followed by questions or unfinished statement, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one that appropriately suits the situation.
Passage One
Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985, Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System administration for not encouraging women. The University was rated among the lowest for the system. In a 1987 update, Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.
One of the positive results from her study was a system-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.
College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon, said it is important that woman be flexible when it comes to relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.
Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus, many times in order for her to succeed, she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.
Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the university and all academia, inequities will exist.
"Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said, "If they do that will be successful in this system. If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."
31. According to Spirduso, women need to ______.
A. produce a report on sexual discrimination
B. call for further improvement in their working conditions
C. spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination
D. spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities
32. From this passage, we know that ______.
A. there are many women full professors in the University of Texas
B. women play an important part in administrating the University
C. the weather on the campus is chilly
D. women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University
33. Which of the following statements is true?
A. the number of women professors in the university in 1987 was greater than that of 1985
B. the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985
C. the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985
D. more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exist in the University
34. One of the positive results from Milburn’s study was that ______.
A. women were told to concentrate on their work
B. women were given information about available administrative jobs
C. women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the university
D. women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities
35. The title for this passage should be ______.
A. The University of Texas
B. Milburn’s Report
C. Women Professors
D. Sexual Discrimination in Academia
Passage Two
Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3000 U.S. adolescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime, it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered, 30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweighs all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.
Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 percent, smoking rates among youth have declined. While the decline is impressive, several important issues must be raised.
First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second, in the late 1970s, smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent. The statistic is reversing. Third, several recent studies have indicated high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent.
Finally, though significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade, no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effective measures to reduce smoking levels among youth.
36. According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by ______.
A. traffic accidents
B. smoking-related disease
C. murder
D. all of these
37. Every day there are over ______ high school students who will become regular smoker.
A. 75
B. 23
C. 30
D. 3000
38. By "dropout" the author means ______.
A. students who failed the examination
B. students who left school
C. students who lost their way
D. students who were driven out of school
39. The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ______.
A. NCI has taken effective measures
B. smoking is prevented among high school seniors
C. there are many smokers who have died of cancer
D. none of these
40. What is implied but not stated by the author is that ______.
A. smoking rates among youth have declined very little
B. there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors
C. high smoking rates are due to the increase in wealth
D. smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds
Passage Three
The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.
41. What is the best possible title of the passage?
A. Drug and Food
B. Cancer and Health
C. Food and Health
D. Health and Drug
42. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons
B. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals
C. Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years
D. Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world
43. How has science done something harmful to mankind?
A. Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food have been virtually eliminated
B. It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food
C. Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have been added to food
D. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables
44. What are nitrates used for?
A. They preserve flavor in packaged foods
B. They preserve the color of meats
C. They are the objects of research
D. They cause the animals to become fatter
45. The word "carcinogenic" most nearly means ______.
A. trouble-making
B. color-retaining
C. money-making
D. cancer-causing
Passage Four
What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as we grow up — we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
Colours do influence our moods — there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area — until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
46. "You would rather follow than lead" means ______.
A. you don’t like to follow others
B. you would be a member rather than a leader
C. you would be afraid of following others
D. you would like to be a leader rather than a follower
47. If one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer ______.
A. red to yellow
B. blue to orange
C. red to grey
D. blue to yellow
48. "They tell us, among other facts, that we don’t choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts" means ______.
A. besides other facts
B. in regard to other facts
C. not considering other facts
D. according to other facts
49. Which of the following is a fact?
A. People’s preference of one colour to another is instinct
B. People’s preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up
C. More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were born
D. colours have little influence on our moods
50. Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near London to others because of ______.
A. its shape
B. its structure
C. its colour
D. its building materials
Passage Five
For passage 5, please choose one word from the provided choices for each blank.
Videoconferencing is nothing more than a television set or PC monitor with a camera. Through the videoconferencing, not only your voice but also your face, the surroundings and any other graphic and physical __51__ can be captured and transmitted through the communication system with or without wires. Of course, when you go into the details, the technology involved is very __52__ and the subject matter littered with jargon. Such as ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) or the __53__ behind bandwidth, latency and isochrony which are used to explain how videoconferencing works. Good people communication is __54__ in any business, and the more interaction you can achieve, the more likely it is that your __55__ will be the right ones. Videoconferencing not only allows you to speak to people in different locations, but also note __56__ expressions and gestures that let you know what the other person is really thinking. Meetings are made more __57__ by sharing documents and computer applications that a simple telephone cannot __58__. __59__, organizations are discovering the competitive advantages and the power of videoconferencing. With advances in performance, economical pricing, the ability to __60__ essential meeting tools and connectivity to global telephone networks and standardized videoconferencing protocols, videoconferencing is now a practical reality for any organization.
Choices:
A) fortunately
B) effective
C) images
D) articulate
E) facial
F) manage
G) decisions
H) connect
I) advanced
J) integrate
K) progressive
L) concepts
M) pictures
N) increasingly
O) important
Part III  Translation (30 points)
Task One: Translate the following passage from English to Chinese. (15 points)
Books are to mankind what memory is to the individual. They contain the history of our race, the discoveries we have made, the accumulated knowledge and experience of ages; they picture for us the marvels and beauties of nature; help us in our difficulties, comfort us in sorrow and in suffering, change hours of weariness into moments of delight, store our minds with ideas, fill them with good and happy thoughts, and lift us out of and above ourselves.
Many of those who have had, as we say, all that this world can give, have yet told us they owed much of their purest happiness to books. Ascham, in "The Schoolmaster", tells a touching story of his last visit to Lady Jane Grey. He found her sitting in an oriel window, reading Plato’s beautiful account of the death of Socrates. Her father and mother were hunting in the park, the hounds were in full cry and their voices came in through the open window. He expressed his surprise that she had not joined them. But, she said, "I wist that all their pleasure in the park is but a shadow to the pleasure I find in Plato."
Task Two: Translate the following passage from Chinese into English. (15 points)
首先，创造力如同普通的学习一样是一个高度因人而异的过程。人有性格、资质和理解事物的方式。提高学习成绩也就意味着为这些不同方面提供发展空间，而不是制定一个标准的障碍赛，让学生在同一时间用同一种方式来完成。
其次，创新并非循序渐进的过程，不一定非得学会必备的技能方才开始。的确在所有领域的创造性工作都需要我们不断地掌握技能和概念。但并不是必须掌握了这些技能和知识之后才可以开始创造性的工作。孤立地强调掌握技能会扼杀兴趣，无论在哪个领域。
创造力的真正动力来自于探索的欲望与对所从事的工作的热爱。当学生具有学习动力时，他们就能自然而然地掌握完成任务所需的技能。而且，掌握的程度也随创造的欲望的增强而增强。
Part IV  Writing (25 points)
Task One: Based on the following passage, write a summary in about 80 words, only presenting the main ideas and leaving out the details. (10 points)
Immigration always has been controversial in the United States. More than two centuries ago, Benjamin Franklin worried that too many German immigrants would swamp America’s predominantly British culture. In the mid-1880s, Irish immigrants were scorned as lazy drunks, not to mention Roman Catholics. At the turn of the century a wave of "new immigrants" — Poles, Italians, Russian Jews — were believed to be too different ever to assimilate into American life. Today the same fears are raised about immigrants from Latin America and Asia, but current critics of immigration are as wrong as their counterparts were in previous eras.
Immigration is not undermining the American experiment; it is an integral part of it. We are a nation of immigrants. Successive waves of immigrants have kept our country demographically young, enriched our culture and added to our productive capacity as a nation, enhancing our influence in the world.
Immigration gives the United States an economic edge in the world economy. Immigrants bring innovative ideas and entrepreneurial spirit to the U.S. economy. They provide business contacts to other markets, enhancing America’s ability to trade and invest profitably in the global economy. They keep our economy flexible, allowing U.S. producers to keep prices down and to respond to changing consumer demands. An authoritative 1997 study by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) concluded that immigration delivered a "significant positive gain" to the U.S. economy. In testimony before Congress last year, Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan said, "I’ve always argued that this country has benefited immensely from the fact that we draw people from all over the world."
Contrary to popular myth, immigrants do not push Americans out of jobs. Immigrants tend to fill jobs that Americans cannot or will not fill, mostly at the high and low ends of the skill spectrum. Immigrants are disproportionately represented in such high-skilled fields as medicine, physics and computer science, but also in lower-skilled sectors such as hotels and restaurants, domestic service, construction and light manufacturing.
Immigrants also raise demand for goods as well as the supply. During the long boom of the 1990s, and especially in the second half of the decade, the national unemployment rate fell below 4 percent and real wages rose up and down the income scale during a time of relatively high immigration.
Task Two: Based on the following passage, write some comments in about 120 words, making clear the ideas the passage implies. (15 points)
If Americans take time to study Confucianism, they may quickly realize that it is not a "religion" in the same way that, for example, Christianity and Judaism and Islam are religions. Its focus is not on a creator God above the world, but rather on the world itself, as a place where ultimate meaning is found. If we equate ultimate meaning with what is truly sacred in life, then Confucianism finds the sacred in the secular, in the relationships of ordinary life.
The sacred is found in preparing and sharing meals with family and friends over a dinner table; in harmonious and respectful relations in the workplace; in being a gracious and hospitable host to guests who visit your home; in appreciating the gift of learning and taking "education" as one of life’s greatest gifts; in having a sense of inner self-discipline and restraint, not needing to share every emotion or ventilate every emotion; in being polite and respectful of old people, knowing that they have a wisdom which comes from experience; in being willing to give yourself to the needs of your family even at the expense of personal sacrifice; in having the freedom to live simply and non-ostentatiously, in a humane and caring way, without needing to be famous.