本文以南京中医药大学考博英语经典真题为例，作为 2026 年南京中医药大学考博真题的样题参考，帮助考生掌握考博英语阅读理解、翻译、写作等核心题型的深度解析逻辑，符合博士研究生对 “语言精准性 + 逻辑思辨性 + 学术表达规范性” 的能力要求。
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a history of thousands of years and has made remarkable contributions to human health. Unlike Western medicine, which often focuses on treating specific diseases, TCM emphasizes the balance of the human body's qi, blood, yin, and yang. This holistic approach considers the body as an integrated system rather than a collection of separate parts.
In recent decades, TCM has gained increasing recognition worldwide. Many countries have established TCM clinics and research institutions to explore its mechanisms and applications. For example, acupuncture, a key therapy in TCM, has been proven effective in relieving chronic pain, reducing anxiety, and improving sleep quality. Studies have shown that acupuncture can stimulate the release of endorphins, the body's natural painkillers, which explains its therapeutic effects.
However, TCM still faces challenges in gaining full acceptance in the global medical community. One major issue is the lack of standardized research methods. Most traditional TCM theories are based on empirical knowledge passed down from generation to generation, which is difficult to verify through modern scientific experiments. Another challenge is the language barrier. Many classic TCM works are written in ancient Chinese, making it hard for foreign researchers to understand and study them.
Despite these challenges, the future of TCM is promising. With the development of interdisciplinary research, more and more scientists are combining TCM with modern technology to explore its potential. For instance, advanced imaging techniques are used to observe the changes in the human body after TCM treatment, and genetic research is helping to uncover the molecular mechanisms of TCM herbs. As people pay more attention to preventive healthcare, TCM's concept of "treating diseases before they occur" is becoming increasingly popular.
Questions:
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What is the main difference between TCM and Western medicine mentioned in the passage?
[A] TCM has a longer history than Western medicine.
[B] TCM focuses on treating specific diseases while Western medicine emphasizes balance.
[C] TCM emphasizes the balance of the body's systems while Western medicine focuses on specific diseases.
[D] TCM is more popular worldwide than Western medicine.
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Why is acupuncture considered effective according to the passage?
[A] It can cure all chronic diseases.
[B] It stimulates the release of natural painkillers in the body.
[C] It is based on modern scientific experiments.
[D] It has no side effects compared to Western medicine.
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What is one of the challenges TCM faces in the global medical community?
[A] The lack of traditional TCM works.
[B] The difficulty in verifying its theories with modern science.
[C] The high cost of TCM treatments.
[D] The shortage of TCM practitioners worldwide.
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How is modern technology helping the development of TCM?
[A] By replacing traditional TCM therapies with new technologies.
[B] By providing new methods to study TCM's mechanisms.
[C] By translating all classic TCM works into foreign languages.
[D] By proving that TCM is superior to Western medicine.
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What is the author's attitude towards the future of TCM?
[A] Pessimistic.
[B] Doubtful.
[C] Optimistic.
[D] Neutral.
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答案 C（TCM emphasizes the balance of the body's systems while Western medicine focuses on specific diseases.）
细节定位与逻辑推导：定位原文第一段核心语句 “Unlike Western medicine, which often focuses on treating specific diseases, TCM emphasizes the balance of the human body's qi, blood, yin, and yang.”，明确中西医的核心差异在于 “中医强调人体系统平衡，西医侧重治疗特定疾病”，选项 C 精准契合原文表述。
干扰项排除：A “中医历史比西医长” 原文未对比两者历史长度，属于无中生有；B 表述与原文相反，颠倒了中西医的核心特点；D “中医在全球比西医更受欢迎” 与原文第二段 “TCM has gained increasing recognition worldwide” 不符，原文仅说明中医认可度提升，未体现 “更受欢迎”。
学术扩展：考博英语阅读理解中对比类题型，需重点关注 “unlike”“while” 等转折对比词，快速锁定差异核心信息。
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答案 B（It stimulates the release of natural painkillers in the body.）
细节定位与语义验证：定位原文第二段关键句 “Studies have shown that acupuncture can stimulate the release of endorphins, the body's natural painkillers, which explains its therapeutic effects.”，直接明确针灸有效的原因是 “刺激体内天然止痛药内啡肽的释放”，选项 B 与原文语义完全一致。
干扰项排除：A “能治愈所有慢性病” 表述绝对，原文仅提到 “缓解慢性疼痛”，并非 “治愈所有慢性病”；C “基于现代科学实验” 与原文第三段 “Most traditional TCM theories are based on empirical knowledge” 不符；D “与西医相比无副作用” 原文未提及，属于过度推断。
学术扩展：细节题中 “explains”“shows” 等词后通常接核心答案，需重点关注此类信号词后的内容。
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答案 B（The difficulty in verifying its theories with modern science.）
细节定位与归纳总结：定位原文第三段核心问题 “One major issue is the lack of standardized research methods. Most traditional TCM theories are based on empirical knowledge... which is difficult to verify through modern scientific experiments.”，归纳可知中医面临的挑战之一是 “难以用现代科学验证其理论”，选项 B 准确概括该内容。
干扰项排除：A “缺乏传统中医典籍” 与原文 “Many classic TCM works are written in ancient Chinese” 矛盾，原文提及有大量典籍但存在语言障碍；C “中医治疗费用高” 原文未涉及；D “全球中医从业者短缺” 属于无中生有。
学术扩展：阅读理解中 “challenge”“problem” 等词后的内容是解题关键，需精准捕捉问题核心及具体表现。
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答案 B（By providing new methods to study TCM's mechanisms.）
细节定位与逻辑推导：定位原文第四段 “With the development of interdisciplinary research, more and more scientists are combining TCM with modern technology to explore its potential. For instance, advanced imaging techniques... and genetic research is helping to uncover the molecular mechanisms of TCM herbs.”，可知现代技术通过提供新的研究手段，助力探索中医机理，选项 B 符合该逻辑。
干扰项排除：A “用新技术替代传统中医疗法” 与原文 “combining TCM with modern technology” 不符，原文是结合而非替代；C “将所有中医典籍翻译成外语” 表述绝对，原文仅提到语言障碍，未说明已实现全部翻译；D “证明中医优于西医” 原文未进行优劣对比，属于过度解读。
学术扩展：例证类细节题需把握 “论点 - 例证” 的对应关系，通过具体例子推导核心观点。
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答案 C（Optimistic.）
作者态度与立场推导：全文末段首句明确 “Despite these challenges, the future of TCM is promising.”，且后续列举现代技术与中医结合的案例、中医预防理念的普及等，均体现作者对中医未来的乐观态度，选项 C 符合核心立场。
干扰项排除：A “悲观的”、B “怀疑的” 与原文 “promising” 等积极表述矛盾；D “中立的” 未体现作者对中医未来的肯定倾向。
学术扩展：态度题需关注全文情感色彩词汇及转折后的核心观点，尤其注意 “despite”“however” 等词后的立场表达。
TCM's unique diagnostic methods, such as observing the tongue, feeling the pulse, and inquiring about symptoms, reflect its holistic understanding of diseases. These methods help TCM practitioners identify imbalances in the body and formulate personalized treatment plans. In recent years, the integration of TCM with modern diagnostic technologies has further improved the accuracy of TCM diagnosis, making it more acceptable to patients and medical professionals around the world. The spread of TCM not only enriches global medical resources but also promotes cultural exchange between Eastern and Western civilizations.
中医独特的诊断方法，如望舌、切脉、问诊，体现了其对疾病的整体认知。这些方法帮助中医从业者识别体内失衡状况，并制定个性化治疗方案。近年来，中医与现代诊断技术的融合进一步提高了中医诊断的准确性，使其更受全球患者和医疗专业人士的认可。中医的传播不仅丰富了全球医疗资源，也促进了东西方文明的文化交流。
- 核心词汇精准翻译：“observing the tongue” 译为 “望舌”、“feeling the pulse” 译为 “切脉”、“inquiring about symptoms” 译为 “问诊”，符合中医专业术语规范；“holistic understanding” 译为 “整体认知”，“personalized treatment plans” 译为 “个性化治疗方案”，兼顾语义准确性与表达流畅性。
- 句式优化调整：原文包含多个定语从句和并列结构，翻译时拆分长句，采用符合中文表达习惯的短句排列，如将 “which help TCM practitioners...” 译为独立分句 “这些方法帮助中医从业者...”，避免直译导致的生硬感。
- 逻辑衔接自然：保留原文 “not only...but also...” 的递进关系，译为 “不仅... 也...”，确保语义连贯；“making it more acceptable...” 译为 “使其更受... 认可”，通过 “使其” 衔接前文，逻辑更清晰。
学术扩展：考博英语翻译涉及专业领域内容时，需注重专业术语的准确性，同时兼顾句式流畅性，避免逐词直译，合理调整语序和句式结构。
Write an essay of 250-300 words on the topic "The Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine". You should include the following points:
- The advantages of TCM and modern medicine respectively.
- The significance of their integration.
- How to promote the effective integration.
The Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and modern medicine each have unique advantages that complement each other. TCM, with its holistic concept and preventive healthcare philosophy, excels in regulating the body's balance and treating chronic diseases. It emphasizes "treating diseases before they occur" and uses natural herbs and non-invasive therapies, which have fewer side effects. In contrast, modern medicine relies on advanced technologies and precise diagnostic tools to treat acute diseases and severe conditions effectively. It has made remarkable achievements in surgery, infection control, and drug development.
The integration of TCM and modern medicine is of great significance. For patients, it provides more comprehensive and personalized treatment options. For example, combining TCM acupuncture with Western painkillers can achieve better results in relieving chronic pain. For the medical field, it promotes the innovation of treatment methods and the development of medical science. It also helps TCM gain global recognition by verifying its effectiveness through modern scientific methods.
To promote effective integration, several measures can be taken. First, strengthen interdisciplinary research to explore the mechanisms of TCM using modern scientific technologies. Second, establish standardized training programs for medical professionals to help them master both TCM and modern medicine knowledge. Third, formulate relevant policies to support the development of integrated medical services and encourage cooperation between TCM and Western medicine institutions.
In conclusion, the integration of TCM and modern medicine is an inevitable trend in the development of global healthcare. By combining their advantages, we can better meet the health needs of people and contribute to the progress of medical science.
- 结构完整清晰：严格按照题目要求，分为 “各自优势”“融合意义”“促进措施” 三个部分，采用 “总 - 分 - 总” 结构，开篇点明核心观点，中间分点论述，结尾总结升华，逻辑连贯。
- 内容充实具体：每个部分均有具体例证支撑，如用 “针灸与西医止痛药结合缓解慢性疼痛” 说明融合优势，用 “跨学科研究”“标准化培训” 等具体措施增强说服力，避免空泛论述。
- 语言规范得体：使用学术化表达，如 “complement each other”“interdisciplinary research”“standardized training programs” 等，符合考博英语写作的学术性要求；句式多样，结合简单句与复合句，表达流畅自然。
学术扩展：考博英语写作需紧扣题目要求，确保内容全面，结构清晰，同时注重例证的具体性和语言的学术性，可采用 “现状 - 意义 - 措施 - 总结” 的思辨框架提升文章深度。
南京中医药大学考博英语真题（含历年试题及高分答案详解）是备考的核心资料，能帮助考生精准把握命题重点（如中医相关主题阅读、专业术语翻译、思辨性写作）。
- 聚焦专业相关主题，积累中医、医学类核心词汇，提升对专业语境的理解能力。
- 强化 “关键词定位法”，通过题干核心词快速锁定原文对应段落，重点验证选项与原文的语义一致性。
- 每周精读 2-3 篇学术类文章，提升长难句分析能力和逻辑思辨能力，适应考博英语阅读的学术性特点。
- 积累中医专业术语及固定表达，确保翻译的准确性和专业性。
- 拆分英文长句时，遵循中文 “短句多、逻辑清” 的表达习惯，优化句式结构。
- 每日练习 1 段医学类英文翻译，对照参考译文修正表达偏差，提升语义传递的精准性和流畅性。
- 围绕医学热点话题（如中西医结合、医疗技术创新、公共卫生等）积累素材，储备相关论点和例证。
- 构建 “分论点 + 例证” 的写作框架，确保每个观点都有具体内容支撑，避免空泛。
- 每周仿写 1 篇真题作文，控制字数在 250-300 词，重点修正语法错误、逻辑漏洞和表达不规范问题，提升学术语言表达能力。
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