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考博英语是博士研究生招生考试的核心公共科目，聚焦完形填空、阅读理解、翻译及写作（摘要 + essay）等综合语言应用能力，对考生的英语学术素养与应试能力具有关键考查意义。以下为湘潭大学 2017 年考博英语（A 卷）真题精选样本及高分答案详解，供考生参考答题逻辑与核心考点。若需完整的英语考博真题、本专业课全套真题及深度解析，可通过本页面顶部专属栏目选购，助力系统备考。
- Many people invest in the stock market hoping to find the next Microsoft and Dell. However, I know ______ personal experience how difficult this really is.
A. at B. in C. from D. by
- For more than a year, I was ______ hundreds and sometimes thousands of dollars a day in investing in the market.
A. making B. spending C. selling D. buying
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station--- a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world's environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.
Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a unique observation distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, a concern they believe the world at large should share.
-
What is the point the author made in Paragraph One?
A. Antarctica is a space station established by USA.
B. Antarctica imitates world environment.
C. Antarctica has serious pollutions.
D. Antarctica is a better place to do certain scientific research.
-
How are east and west of Transantarctic Mountain different from each other?
A. East side is warmer than west side.
B. East side is covered by thicker ice than west side.
C. Ice in east side is above sea level.
D. Ice in west side is above sea level.
The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind: it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanations.
研究表明，与 20 年前相比，尽管社交媒体越来越受人们欢迎，但是青少年的朋友却日益减少。
Directions: For this part you are required to write a composition of 200 words on the following topic and write your composition on the ANSWER SHEET.
My Views on Chinese Culture Going abroad
- 考点定位：本题聚焦固定搭配，是词汇语法部分的基础考点，考查对 “从…… 中得知” 表达的掌握。
- 答案详解：
固定搭配 “know from/through...” 表示 “从…… 中明白 / 得知”，符合语境 “我从个人经验中得知这有多难”。
选项分析：
- [A] at、[B] in、[D] by 均无法与 “know” 构成 “从经验中得知” 的语义搭配，故选 [C]。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦动词词义辨析与固定搭配，是词汇部分的高频考点，考查对 “花费金钱” 场景的语义把握。
- 答案详解：
语境为 “在股市投资中每天花费数百甚至数千美元”，固定搭配 “spend money in doing sth.” 表示 “花费金钱做某事”。
选项分析：
- [A] making：“赚钱” 与语境 “投资” 逻辑不符；
- [B] spending：“花费” 契合 “投资花钱” 语义；
- [C] selling：“出售”、[D] buying：“购买” 均无法与 “dollars” 搭配表达 “投资花费”，故选 [B]。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦段落主旨，是阅读理解的基础考点，考查对第一段核心观点的提炼。
- 答案详解：
第一段核心内容为 “南极洲远离污染，地质生态系统独特，能开展更精准、易解读的科学测量”，核心观点是南极洲是开展特定科学研究的更佳地点。
- [A]“南极洲是美国建立的空间站” 与原文 “a kind of space station（一种空间站式的观测站）” 不符；[B]“南极洲模仿世界环境” 无依据；[C]“南极洲污染严重” 与原文 “remote from major sources of pollution” 矛盾，故选 [D]。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦细节对比，是阅读理解的核心考点，考查对东西部冰层所处位置差异的精准提取。
- 答案详解：
原文明确提到 “East of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet... West of the mountain... ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level”，即东部冰层位于高原（高于海平面），西部冰层下的岩石低于海平面。
- [A]“东部更温暖”、[B]“东部冰层更厚” 均未提及；[D]“西部冰层高于海平面” 与原文矛盾，故选 [C]。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦复合句翻译，核心考查 “nothing but”“mode of working” 等短语，是翻译部分的重点考点。
- 答案详解：
翻译要点：
- 核心短语：“method of scientific investigation” 译为 “科学研究的方法”，“nothing but” 译为 “不过是、仅仅是”，“mode of working of the human mind” 译为 “人类思维运作的必要模式”；
- 定语从句：“by which...” 译为 “通过这种模式”，使中文表达流畅；
- 语义完整：准确传达 “科学研究方法是人类思维运作模式的体现，用于推理和解释现象” 的核心含义。
参考译文：科学研究的方法不过是人类思维运作的必要模式的体现：这种模式就是通过它来推理、论证所有现象，并给出精准确切的解释。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦并列句翻译，核心考查 “与…… 相比”“日益减少” 等表达，是翻译部分的高频考点。
- 答案详解：
翻译要点：
- 核心短语：“研究表明” 译为 “Research has shown that...”，“与 20 年前相比” 译为 “compared with 20 years ago”，“社交媒体” 译为 “social media”，“日益减少” 译为 “fewer and fewer”；
- 让步关系：用 “despite” 引导让步状语，符合英文表达习惯；
- 主谓一致：“青少年的朋友” 译为 “teenagers' friends”，谓语用 “have” 保持一致。
参考译文：Research has shown that compared with 20 years ago, teenagers have fewer and fewer friends despite the growing popularity of social media.
- 考点定位：本题聚焦观点类议论文写作，核心考查对 “中国文化走出去” 的论证能力，是考博英语写作的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
参考范文：
My Views on Chinese Culture Going Abroad
In recent years, Chinese culture has been increasingly going global, with Confucius Institutes spreading worldwide and traditional arts gaining international recognition. This trend is of great significance for enhancing China’s cultural soft power and promoting cross-cultural communication.
Chinese culture, a treasure accumulated over thousands of years, includes Confucian ethics, traditional festivals, and folk arts. Its overseas spread helps foreigners understand China’s values and spirit. For example, Peking Opera performances and Chinese New Year celebrations attract numerous foreigners, breaking stereotypes and building mutual trust. Moreover, cultural exchange boosts economic cooperation—traditional Chinese products like tea and silk are more popular abroad as culture gains influence.
To promote Chinese culture going abroad better, we should combine tradition with innovation. We can use digital platforms to spread cultural content and encourage cultural products to cater to international tastes. Meanwhile, we need to respect cultural differences and pursue equal communication.
In conclusion, Chinese culture going abroad is a bridge for mutual understanding. It not only showcases China’s charm but also contributes to a harmonious global cultural landscape. We should continue to promote cultural exchange and let Chinese culture shine on the world stage.
范文解析：
- 结构：遵循 “引出话题 — 分析意义 — 提出建议 — 总结升华” 的逻辑，层次清晰；
- 内容：从文化内涵、国际影响、实践建议三个维度展开，论据具体，符合 200 词要求；
- 语言：使用 “cultural soft power, stereotypes, mutual trust, cater to” 等学术词汇，句式多样（定语从句、状语从句），表达规范流畅。
以上仅为湘潭大学 2017 年考博英语（A 卷）真题的部分样本解析。完整的该科目全套真题、专业课考博真题及配套详细答案详解，可通过本页面顶部栏目选购。考博英语备考需注重词汇语法的夯实、阅读理解的细节定位与逻辑分析、翻译的语义精准与句式转换、写作的结构优化与内容充实，建议考生结合完整真题强化综合应用能力，高效备战考试。
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