注:本内容为部分试题及答案详解样本,完整真题及详细解析可前往页面顶部相关栏目选购。
They gave each other a gold ring to symbolize their marriage.
A. approval B. commitment C. consent D. obligation
- 词汇含义辨析:
- A. approval:意为 “批准;认可”,侧重官方或他人对某事的同意,如 “the approval of the plan(计划的批准)”,不符合婚姻象征的语境。
- B. commitment:意为 “承诺;献身”,可指对婚姻、关系等的坚定承诺,gold ring(金戒指)是婚姻中双方承诺的象征,符合句意。
- C. consent:意为 “同意;准许”,强调主动答应他人的请求或提议,如 “consent to a request(同意请求)”,与婚姻象征意义无关。
- D. obligation:意为 “义务;责任”,侧重法律或道德上必须履行的责任,婚姻虽有责任,但戒指更核心的象征是 “承诺” 而非 “义务”。
- 语境匹配:句子核心是 “金戒指象征婚姻中的某种核心内涵”,commitment(承诺)最能体现婚姻中双方的约定与坚守,故为正确答案。
During the election campaign, the party vowed to ______ environmental considerations into all its policies.
A. associate B. unite C. incorporate D. combine
- 动词短语搭配及含义辨析:
- A. associate:常用搭配为 “associate...with...”,意为 “将…… 与…… 联系起来”,如 “associate success with hard work(将成功与努力联系起来)”,此处 “associate...into...” 搭配不当,排除。
- B. unite:意为 “联合;团结”,侧重多个主体合并为一个整体,如 “unite two companies(合并两家公司)”,不适合 “将环境考量融入政策” 的语境。
- C. incorporate:常用搭配为 “incorporate...into...”,意为 “将…… 纳入;融入”,强调使某物成为整体的一部分,符合 “政党承诺将环境考量纳入所有政策” 的句意,搭配和含义均契合。
- D. combine:常用搭配为 “combine...with...”,意为 “将…… 与…… 结合”,侧重两者并列结合,如 “combine theory with practice(理论联系实际)”,此处 “combine...into...” 搭配不成立,且含义不如 incorporate 精准。
- 结论:结合搭配规则和语境,incorporate 是唯一符合要求的选项。
National economies are becoming more integrated as a result of ______.
A. more and more consumers going abroad to buy goods
B. increasing flows of cross-border trade, investment and financial capital
C. many companies establishing new businesses
D. savers investing more in developed areas than in developing countries
- 定位原文:第一段第二句 “National economies are undoubtedly becoming steadily more integrated as cross-border flows of trade, investment and financial capital increase.”(随着跨境贸易、投资和金融资本流动的增加,各国经济无疑正稳步走向更深度的一体化。)
- 选项分析:
- A. 原文提到 “Consumers are buying more foreign goods”(消费者购买更多外国商品),而非 “出国购物”,表述错误。
- B. 与原文定位句完全对应,“increasing flows of cross-border trade, investment and financial capital” 是经济一体化的直接原因,正确。
- C. 原文说 “a growing number of firms now operate across national borders”(越来越多企业跨国经营),而非 “建立新业务”,偷换概念,排除。
- D. 原文指出 “savers are investing more than ever before in far-flung places”(储蓄者向更远的地方投资),未提及 “更多投资于发达国家”,表述错误。
- 解题关键:抓住题干核心 “经济一体化的原因”,直接定位原文因果关系句,排除与原文信息不符的干扰项。
It is known from the first paragraph that ______.
A. fashion originates in a class society
B. fashion can be found only in a few fields of group life
C. fashion operates in every society
D. people like to keep up with fashion in a primitive society
- 定位原文:第一段第三句 “Its operation requires a class society, for in its essential character it does not occur either in a homogeneous society like a primitive group, or in a caste society.”(时尚的运作需要一个阶级社会,因为就其本质而言,它既不会出现在原始群体这样的同质社会中,也不会出现在种姓社会中。)
- 选项分析:
- A. 原文明确 “时尚的运作需要阶级社会”,可推知 “时尚起源于阶级社会”,符合逻辑,正确。
- B. 第一段第二句提到 “it may operate in any field of group life, apart from the technological and utilitarian area and the area of the sacred”(除技术、实用领域和神圣领域外,可存在于群体生活的任何领域),并非 “少数领域”,表述错误。
- C. 原文指出时尚不会出现在 “原始同质社会” 和 “种姓社会”,故 “每个社会都有” 错误。
- D. 原文明确说明原始社会没有时尚,“people like to keep up with fashion” 表述错误。
- 解题关键:注意第一段中 “require”“does not occur” 等表条件和否定的词汇,明确时尚存在的社会前提,排除不符合前提的选项。
"Height ______ career success," says Timothy Judge, a University of Florida professor of management, who led the study.
A. makes out B. matters for C. takes on D. works in
- 短语含义及语境匹配:
- A. makes out:意为 “辨认出;理解”,如 “make out a figure in the dark(在黑暗中辨认出一个人影)”,与 “身高” 和 “职业成功” 的关系无关,排除。
- B. matters for:意为 “对…… 重要”,符合原文主旨 “身高对职业成功有影响”,“身高关系到职业成功” 的表述通顺,契合语境。
- C. takes on:意为 “承担;呈现”,如 “take on a new task(承担新任务)”,无法与 “career success” 搭配,排除。
- D. works in:意为 “在…… 工作;融入”,如 “work in a company(在一家公司工作)”,不符合句意,排除。
- 结合全文主旨:文章开篇即点明 “高个子一生收入比矮个子多”,故此处强调身高对职业成功的 “重要性”,matters for 为正确答案。
Greater height boosted both subjective ratings of work performance—a supervisor's ______ of how effective someone is—and...
A. evaluation B. judge C. decision D. imagination
- 词汇含义及逻辑衔接:
- A. evaluation:意为 “评价;评估”,侧重对人或事物的效果、价值等进行判断,“supervisor's evaluation of how effective someone is”(主管对某人工作效率的评价)符合 “主观工作表现评分” 的语境,衔接自然。
- B. judge:作名词时意为 “法官;裁判”,作动词时意为 “判断”,此处需要名词,且 “supervisor's judge” 搭配不当,应为 “supervisor's judgment(判断)”,排除。
- C. decision:意为 “决定”,侧重对某事做出选择,如 “make a decision(做决定)”,与 “对工作效率的评估” 无关,排除。
- D. imagination:意为 “想象”,显然不符合 “主管对员工工作表现的主观评分” 的语境,排除。
- 逻辑提示:破折号后内容是对 “subjective ratings of work performance” 的解释说明,evaluation 最能对应 “评分;评估” 的含义,故为正确答案。
Patterns of trade and travel may encourage enthusiasms for language learning. Languages other than English may become important regional business languages. Already the number of learners of Chinese as a second or foreign language is on the increase.
贸易和旅游的模式可能会激发人们学习语言的热情。除英语之外的其他语言可能成为重要的区域性商务语言。目前,将汉语作为第二语言或外语学习的人数正在不断增加。
- 词汇翻译精准性:
- “Patterns of trade and travel”:译为 “贸易和旅游的模式”,“patterns” 此处指 “某种形式或趋势”,避免译为 “模式” 之外的 “图案”“样式” 等歧义。
- “enthusiasms for language learning”:“enthusiasm” 此处为可数名词,译为 “热情”,“激发热情” 比 “鼓励热情” 更符合中文表达习惯。
- “Languages other than English”:译为 “除英语之外的其他语言”,“other than” 表示 “除…… 之外”,比 “besides” 更强调 “排除英语之外的其余语言”。
- “on the increase”:固定表达,译为 “正在增加”“不断上升” 均可,此处选用 “正在不断增加”,增强语气。
- 句式调整:
三个分句均为简单句,翻译时保持句子结构清晰,符合中文 “短句为主” 的表达习惯。第三句 “Already the number of learners...” 调整语序为 “目前,…… 的人数正在不断增加”,使中文表达更通顺自然。
除了干旱时期,人们从不把水看成宝贵的自然资源。诚然,水不是世界上的稀有之物。如果天不下雨,农民会抱怨,但在有可靠供水系统的城区,很少有人感到缺水。我们想当然地以为水与空气一样不值钱,到处都有。然而,部分因为人口增加,部分因为可怕的浪费,在当今世界许多地方,供水已成为一大挑战。这是一个不可忽视的严重问题。如果不降低需求,减少浪费,人类在不久的将来就会面临灾难。
Except during drought periods, people have never regarded water as a valuable natural resource. It is true that water is not a rare substance in the world. If it does not rain, farmers will complain, but in urban areas with reliable water supply systems, few people feel a shortage of water. We take it for granted that water is no more valuable than air and is available everywhere. However, partly due to population growth and partly due to appalling waste, water supply has become a major challenge in many parts of the world today. This is a serious problem that cannot be ignored. If we do not reduce demand and cut down on waste, humanity will face disasters in the near future.
- 词汇精准翻译:
- “干旱时期”:译为 “drought periods”,比 “dry period” 更贴合 “干旱(气象灾害)” 的含义。
- “宝贵的自然资源”:“宝贵的” 译为 “valuable”,比 “precious” 更侧重 “实用价值”,符合 “自然资源” 的属性。
- “可靠供水系统”:“reliable water supply systems”,固定搭配,准确表达 “供水稳定、有保障” 的含义。
- “想当然地以为”:译为 “take it for granted that”,固定句型,符合原文语境。
- “可怕的浪费”:译为 “appalling waste”,“appalling” 比 “terrible” 更强调 “令人震惊的、严重的”,突出浪费的程度。
- 句式结构优化:
- 中文多短句,英文适当合并调整:如 “如果天不下雨,农民会抱怨,但在有可靠供水系统的城区,很少有人感到缺水”,译为 “If it does not rain, farmers will complain, but in urban areas with reliable water supply systems, few people feel a shortage of water”,用 “but” 衔接转折关系,“with reliable water supply systems” 作后置定语,使句式更简洁。
- 被动语态运用:“供水已成为一大挑战” 译为 “water supply has become a major challenge”,无需直译 “被视为挑战”,符合英文主动表被动的表达习惯。
- 条件句逻辑:“如果不降低需求,减少浪费” 译为 “If we do not reduce demand and cut down on waste”,“cut down on” 比 “reduce” 更侧重 “减少(浪费、消耗)”,搭配更精准。
- 开篇点题:明确当前许多动物面临灭绝危机,列举 1-2 个典型例子(如大熊猫、东北虎等),引出话题。
- 分析主要原因:
- 人类活动破坏栖息地:如森林砍伐、城市化进程占用动物生存空间。
- 非法捕猎与贸易:为获取皮毛、器官等利益,过度捕杀濒危动物。
- 环境污染与气候变化:污染破坏生态平衡,气候变暖影响动物生存环境。
- 结论:强调保护濒危动物的重要性(维护生态平衡、保障生物多样性),提出简单建议(加强立法、提高公众意识、建立自然保护区等)。
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