A. There B. This C. That D. It
考查形式主语的语法应用,需选择正确代词构成符合语法规范的主语从句结构。
答案:D
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解题思路:
题干核心结构为 “______ is a fact that...”,其中 “English is being accepted as an international language” 是完整的主语从句,需用形式主语 “it” 替代,避免主语从句置于句首导致句子头重脚轻。“It is a fact that...” 为固定句式,“it” 作形式主语,真正主语为 that 引导的从句,符合英语语法中 “避免长主语” 的表达习惯。
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选项分析:
- A 选项 “There”:需构成 “there be” 句型(表 “存在”),如 “There is a fact that...”,但 “there be” 与 “is a fact” 语义重复(均表 “存在某事实”),语法冗余,排除;
- B 选项 “This”“C 选项 That”:均为指示代词,不可作形式主语,若直接用 “That is a fact that...”,会出现两个 “that”(前一个指代不明,后一个引导从句),语法错误,排除;
- D 选项 “It”:作形式主语,替代后文 that 引导的主语从句,符合 “it is + n. + that 从句” 的固定结构(如 It is a truth that...),正确。
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学术扩展:
考博英语中 “形式主语 it” 常出现在学术文本的观点表述中(如 It is widely accepted that... 广泛认为...),南京艺术学院博士论文写作中,此类句式可用于引入 “艺术国际化”“设计跨文化传播” 等观点(如 It is a fact that digital technology is reshaping international art communication),需熟练掌握以提升学术写作的规范性。
A. beautiful wooden round B. round wooden beautiful C. wooden round beautiful D. beautiful round wooden
考查多个形容词修饰名词时的语序规则,需选择正确的形容词排列顺序。
答案:D
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解题思路:
英语中多个形容词修饰名词的核心语序规则为:
限定词(如 a/an)→ 描绘性形容词(表性质、外观)→ 形状形容词 → 材质形容词 → 名词。题干中 “table” 的修饰词依次为:
- 描绘性形容词(beautiful,表外观 “漂亮的”)→ 形状形容词(round,表 “圆形的”)→ 材质形容词(wooden,表 “木质的”),故正确顺序为 “beautiful round wooden”。
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选项分析:
- A 选项 “beautiful wooden round”:形状形容词(round)置于材质形容词(wooden)后,违反 “形状→材质” 的语序,排除;
- B 选项 “round wooden beautiful”:描绘性形容词(beautiful)置于最后,违反 “描绘性形容词优先” 规则,排除;
- C 选项 “wooden round beautiful”:材质形容词(wooden)置于最前,描绘性形容词(beautiful)置于最后,完全颠倒语序,排除;
- D 选项 “beautiful round wooden”:严格遵循 “描绘性→形状→材质” 的语序规则,正确。
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学术扩展:
此类语法点在艺术相关文本中高频出现(如描述艺术品材质、形状、外观),例如 “a delicate ceramic square vase(一个精致的陶瓷方形花瓶)”“a vivid oil rectangular painting(一幅生动的油画布矩形画作)”,南京艺术学院考生需结合专业场景记忆,避免因形容词语序错误影响艺术文本解读与写作表达。
The artist or the technician, each is essential to civilization. The cookshop might display some superb rough-hewn statues from early Greek times; the artist might admire the fine work of the goldsmiths, workers in glass, or turners of wood. The artist and the technician were perhaps equally well known in the 16th century for their genuine productions and scientific experiments; and Thomas A. Edison pronounced him the greatest genius of his time.
- An important century for both artists and technicians was ______
A. the twentieth B. the eighteenth C. the fourteenth D. the sixteenth
- A word for "inventive" is ______
A. creative B. scientific C. engineer D. genius
围绕 “艺术与技术的共生关系” 展开,考查细节定位与词汇同义替换,贴合南京艺术学院 “艺术与科技融合” 的研究方向。
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答案:D
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解题思路:
细节题定位原文关键句:“The artist and the technician were perhaps equally well known in the 16th century for their genuine productions and scientific experiments”,明确提及 “16 世纪(16th century)” 是艺术家与技术人员均享有盛誉的重要时期,选项 D “the sixteenth” 为原文直接对应。
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选项分析:
- A 选项 “the twentieth(20 世纪)”、B 选项 “the eighteenth(18 世纪)”、C 选项 “the fourteenth(14 世纪)”:原文均未提及,无任何信息支撑,排除;
- D 选项 “the sixteenth(16 世纪)”:与原文 “16th century” 完全一致,正确。
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答案:A
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解题思路:
词汇题需找到 “inventive(有发明创造力的)” 的同义替换词。原文提及艺术家与技术人员 “for their genuine productions and scientific experiments”(凭借原创作品与科学实验),且后文称爱迪生为 “the greatest genius(最伟大的天才)”,核心逻辑围绕 “创造力” 展开。“creative(有创造力的)” 与 “inventive” 在 “具备创新能力” 的语义上完全匹配,且均为形容词,符合题干 “a word for inventive” 的要求。
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选项分析:
- B 选项 “scientific(科学的)”:表 “与科学相关”,不表 “发明创造”,排除;
- C 选项 “engineer(工程师)”:为名词,题干要求形容词,且语义为 “职业”,排除;
- D 选项 “genius(天才)”:为名词,表 “有天赋的人”,而非 “有创造力的”,排除;
- A 选项 “creative(有创造力的)”:形容词,与 “inventive” 同义,正确。
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学术扩展:
该 passage 体现 “艺术与技术交叉” 的核心主题,与南京艺术学院 “艺术科技”“设计工程” 等专业方向高度相关。考生在备考时,可重点关注 “艺术史中技术对艺术创作的影响”(如文艺复兴时期透视法与绘画技术的结合)相关文本,提升对跨学科主题的解读能力。
The most important diamonds are those we never see: the diamonds used in industry. Their value is in their hardness, not their beauty.
Industrial diamonds make the needles for hi-fi phonographs. Diamonds cut through solid rock in search of oil. Dentists use diamonds too—often as a powder glued to wheels. Other diamond wheels cut and polish stones and other hard parts of machines.
Most marvelous of all are the diamond dies. They are flat diamonds through which small holes have been drilled. When metal is pulled through the hot hole, it becomes thin wire.
Cars, airplanes, radios, television sets, and most electrical equipment could not be made without using industrial diamonds.
- The most important diamonds are those used ______
A. for jewelry B. in industry C. as drilling bits D. both A and B
- Dies are used for ______
A. drilling small holes B. polishing metals C. making thin wire D. cutting stones
围绕 “工业钻石的应用” 展开,考查细节理解与文本逻辑梳理,虽为技术主题,但可迁移至 “艺术材料技术” 的解读(如钻石在珠宝设计、硬材质艺术品加工中的应用)。
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答案:B
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解题思路:
细节题定位原文首句:“The most important diamonds are those we never see: the diamonds used in industry”,明确 “最重要的钻石是工业用钻石”,选项 B “in industry” 为原文直接复现,核心信息完全匹配。
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选项分析:
- A 选项 “for jewelry”:原文强调工业钻石 “value is in their hardness, not their beauty”(价值在硬度而非美观),珠宝用钻石侧重美观,与 “最重要” 的表述矛盾,排除;
- C 选项 “as drilling bits”:“钻孔工具” 仅为工业钻石的应用之一(如原文 “cut through solid rock”),并非 “最重要钻石” 的整体用途,以偏概全,排除;
- D 选项 “both A and B”:与原文 “最重要钻石为工业用” 矛盾,排除;
- B 选项 “in industry”:与首句核心信息一致,正确。
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答案:C
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解题思路:
细节题定位原文第三段:“Most marvelous of all are the diamond dies... When metal is pulled through the hot hole, it becomes thin wire”,明确 “钻石模具(dies)的用途是将金属拉成细金属丝”,选项 C “making thin wire” 为原文同义改写。
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选项分析:
- A 选项 “drilling small holes”:原文 “through which small holes have been drilled” 指 “模具上已钻好小孔”,而非 “模具用于钻孔”,逻辑颠倒,排除;
- B 选项 “polishing metals”:“抛光金属” 是 “其他钻石砂轮(other diamond wheels)” 的用途,与 “dies” 无关,排除;
- D 选项 “cutting stones”:“切割石材” 同样是 “钻石砂轮” 的用途,非 “dies” 的功能,排除;
- C 选项 “making thin wire”:与 “metal is pulled through the hot hole, it becomes thin wire” 完全一致,正确。
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学术扩展:
该文本可迁移至南京艺术学院 “珠宝设计”“金属工艺” 等专业的英语文本解读,例如 “工业钻石在硬材质艺术品加工中的应用”(如钻石工具切割水晶、打磨金属艺术品),考生需培养 “技术文本与艺术专业场景的关联能力”,为后续专业英语学习奠定基础。
南京艺术学院《英语》考博真题(含历年试题及高分答案详解)是备考的核心资料,能帮助考生精准把握命题重点(如语法结构、艺术相关阅读文本、学术翻译)。考生可通过以下渠道获取真题:
- 考博信息网官网:http://www.kaoboinfo.com/
- 南京艺术学院历年考博真题下载专用页面:http://www.kaoboinfo.com/shijuan/school/408061_1_1214536.html
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英语备考:结合艺术专业特色
- 阅读:重点关注 “艺术史、艺术科技、文化创意产业” 等主题文本(如《Artforum》《Journal of Art Education》节选),训练 “艺术相关术语解读”(如 “perspective(透视法)”“installation art(装置艺术)”)与 “跨文化艺术文本逻辑分析” 能力;
- 写作:积累 “艺术教育、文化传播、数字艺术” 等专业相关论据(如虚拟博物馆、艺术大数据应用),避免使用通用案例,体现 “艺术院校博士的专业视角”;
- 翻译:针对 “艺术理论、艺术市场报告” 等文本练习,掌握 “艺术专业术语英译中” 规则(如 “curator→策展人”“artistic patronage→艺术赞助”),提升专业文本的翻译精准度。
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专业课备考:聚焦艺术核心理论
- 结合南京艺术学院优势专业(如中国绘画史、设计史、艺术美学),重点掌握 “艺术流派演变”“艺术与技术关系”“跨文化艺术比较” 等核心考点,通过真题练习总结 “论述题答题框架”(如 “理论定义→艺术案例→当代价值”);
- 阅读《艺术学概论》《中国美术史》等核心教材,关注 “艺术理论与当代科技的融合”(如人工智能艺术、数字绘画),这类话题是近年考博高频方向,需提前储备学术观点。
通过系统利用真题资料和 “英语 + 专业” 的融合备考方法,考生可高效提升考博应试能力,助力顺利上岸南京艺术学院博士研究生。