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考博英语是医学博士研究生入学核心考核科目，全国医学博士外语统一考试英语科目涵盖听力理解、词汇、完形填空、阅读理解、写作五大模块，重点考查学术英语应用与医学相关语言综合能力。以下为该真题精选样本及高分答案详解，供考生参考答题逻辑与核心考点。若需完整的英语考博真题、专业课考博真题及深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购，助力高效备考。
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Employers have a legal obligation to pay______to their workers for injuries.
A. compensation B. compromise C. commodity D. consumption
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The argument between the two patients became so fierce that the doctor had to______.
A. alleviate B. aggravate C. extinguish D. intervene
Parents are on a journey of discovery with each child whose temperament, biology, and sleep habits result in a unique sleep-wake pattern. It can be frustrating when children's sleep habits do not conform to the household schedule. Helping the child develop good sleep habits in childhood takes time and parental attention, but it will have beneficial results throughout life. An understanding of the changing patterns of the typical sleep-wake cycle in children will help alleviate any unfounded concerns. Maintaining a sleep diary for each child will provide the parents with baseline information in assessing the nature and severity of childhood sleep problems. Observant parents will come to recognize unusual sleep disruptions or those that persist or intensify.
Developmental changes throughout childhood bring differences in the sleep-wake cycle and in the type and frequency of parasomnias that may interrupt sleep. Medical consultation to rule out illness, infection or injury is prudent if the child's sleep problems prevent adequate sleep and result in an ongoing sleep deficit.
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To have a journey of discovery with each child, according to the passage, is
A. to discover their unique sleep-wake cycles
B. to follow their behavioral preferences
C. to alleviate their sleeping problems
D. to explore their asset
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In the first paragraph, the author suggests that parents
A. seek professional consultation for their child's sleep problem
B. adjust their household schedule to the child's sleeping habit
C. take their child's unfounded concerns into consideration
D. keep a diary on sleep pattern for their child
Directions: Write a summary of 200 words in English based on the Chinese essay "全科医生培养及发展思路". Make sure that your summary covers the major points of the passage.
- 考点定位：本题考查名词词义辨析，聚焦名词与 “工伤” 场景的语义匹配，是词汇部分的核心考点，且贴合医学考试的语境关联。
- 答案详解：
四个选项含义分别为：A. compensation（赔偿；补偿金，侧重对损失、伤害的经济补偿）；B. compromise（妥协；折中方案）；C. commodity（商品；货物）；D. consumption（消费；消耗）。
语境为 “雇主有法律义务向受伤工人支付补偿金”，“compensation for injuries” 为固定搭配，表 “工伤赔偿”，贴合语义，故选 [A]。
- 考点定位：本题考查动词词义辨析，聚焦动词与 “激烈争执” 场景的逻辑匹配，是词汇部分的基础考点。
- 答案详解：
四个选项含义分别为：A. alleviate（减轻；缓解，侧重减轻痛苦、压力等）；B. aggravate（加重；恶化）；C. extinguish（熄灭；扑灭，侧重灭火、消除情绪等）；D. intervene（干预；介入，侧重在冲突、争端中调解）。
语境为 “两名患者争执激烈，医生不得不介入”，[D] 选项符合逻辑，故选 [D]。
- 考点定位：本题考查细节信息提取，是阅读理解部分的基础考点，考查对核心短语的精准解读。
- 答案详解：
根据原文 “Parents are on a journey of discovery with each child whose temperament, biology, and sleep habits result in a unique sleep-wake pattern”，明确 “与孩子共同探索的旅程” 核心是发现孩子独特的睡眠 - 觉醒模式，故选 [A]。
[B]“遵循他们的行为偏好”、[C]“缓解他们的睡眠问题” 是探索后的后续行动，非 “探索旅程” 本身；[D]“挖掘他们的资产” 未在原文提及，故排除。
- 考点定位：本题考查细节信息查找，是阅读理解部分的核心考点，考查对作者建议的准确提取。
- 答案详解：
根据原文 “Maintaining a sleep diary for each child will provide the parents with baseline information...”，作者明确建议父母为孩子记录睡眠日记，故选 [D]。
[A]“寻求专业咨询” 是睡眠问题严重时的做法，非第一段建议；[B]“调整家庭日程适应孩子睡眠习惯” 未提及；[C]“考虑孩子无根据的担忧” 与原文 “alleviate any unfounded concerns”（缓解父母的无根据担忧）相悖，故排除。
- 考点定位：本题考查中文议论文的英文摘要写作，核心考查对核心信息的提炼、逻辑梳理及英文表达能力，是考博英语写作的核心考点，重点关注摘要的完整性与简洁性。
- 答案详解：
参考范文：
With the development of medical and health services, the demand for community health services is increasing, but the development is unbalanced in China, mainly due to the lack of high-quality general practitioners (GPs). Standardizing and promoting GP training is imperative, as GPs are responsible for treatment, health care, prevention, nursing, health surveys, consultation and health education in communities.
Qualified GPs need comprehensive medical knowledge to distinguish early symptoms of serious diseases from common illnesses, as well as good interpersonal skills, coordination abilities, enthusiasm and professional ethics to build long-term relationships with community residents.
However, current GPs face problems such as low work enthusiasm (due to the gap in income and social status compared with specialists, and harsh working conditions with backward equipment) and insufficient number of competent professionals. Additionally, their practical abilities still fail to meet residents' needs.
To address these issues, relevant policies and incentive mechanisms should be formulated to promote the healthy development of general practice. Training should be focused on: 3-year specialist rotation for junior GPs to master basic theories and skills; continuing education and clinical skills training for senior GPs via distance learning; and adding urgently needed content in community work. Key training for outstanding GPs to cultivate more professionals is also recommended to improve the overall ability of GPs in handling community health problems.
范文解析：
- 结构：遵循 “背景与问题 —GP 必备素质 — 现存问题 — 解决措施” 的逻辑，完整覆盖原文核心要点，符合摘要写作要求；
- 内容：精准提炼 “GP 短缺是社区卫生发展滞后的主因”“GP 需具备的知识与素质”“现存两大问题”“三大解决措施” 等关键信息，无遗漏或冗余；
- 语言：使用 “comprehensive medical knowledge, interpersonal skills, incentive mechanisms, specialist rotation” 等专业词汇，句式简洁流畅，符合 200 词左右的要求。
以上仅为 2016 年全国医学博士外语统一入学考试英语真题的部分样本解析。完整的该科目全套真题、其他年份考博英语真题及专业课考博真题、深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购。考博英语备考需注重词汇的场景化应用、阅读理解的细节定位、写作的摘要提炼与逻辑构建，建议结合完整真题强化专项训练，提升应试能力。
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