—— 完整内容请至页面顶部栏目选购英语、专业课考博真题
考博英语是博士研究生入学核心考核科目，中国石油大学（北京）2005 年考博英语涵盖听力理解、写作、英译汉、汉译英四大核心模块，重点考查学术英语理解、语言综合应用与跨文化翻译能力。以下为该真题精选样本及高分答案详解，供考生参考答题逻辑与核心考点。若需完整的英语考博真题、专业课考博真题及深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购，助力高效备考。
- Where did the accident take place?
A. On the approach to High Road.
B. On the approach to West Hill.
C. Between West Hill and the junction.
D. Between High Road and West Hill.
- How is the woman doing in the course?
A. She hasn't been doing much of the reading.
B. She understood the reading last night.
C. She isn't having much trouble.
D. She understands very little.
Directions: Write a letter of recommendation for your student to pursue further study at a foreign university. The letter should be about 150 words.
The difference between a brain and a computer can be expressed in a single word: complexity. The large mammalian brain is the most complicated thing, for its size, known to us. The human brain weighs three pounds, but in that three-pound are ten billion neurons and a hundred billion smaller cells. These many billions of cells are interconnected in a vastly complicated network that we can't begin to unravel as yet.
Even the most complicated computer man has yet built can't compare in intricacy with the brain. Computer switches and components number in the thousands rather than in the billions. What's more, the computer switch is just an on-off device, whereas the brain cell is itself possessed of a tremendously complex structure.
经过全党和全国各族人民的共同努力，我们胜利实现了现代化建设 “三步走” 战略的第一步、第二步目标，人民生活总体上达到小康水平。这是社会主义制度的伟大胜利，是中华民族发展史上一个新的里程碑。
- 考点定位：本题考查地点细节捕捉，是听力理解部分的基础考点，聚焦对地点方位表达的精准识别。
- 答案逻辑：听力原文会明确提及事故发生的具体方位，解题关键在于区分选项中的核心地点关键词（High Road、West Hill、junction）及方位介词（on the approach to、between...and...）。
- 若原文提到 “the accident occurred on the way to West Hill”，则对应选项 [B]；若提到 “between High Road and West Hill”，则对应 [D]，需重点捕捉 “approach to”“between...and...” 等核心表达。
- 考点定位：本题考查对话细节推理，是听力理解部分的核心考点，聚焦对课程学习情况的判断。
- 答案逻辑：对话中会通过 “the reading is not difficult for me”“I can follow the lectures easily” 等表达体现 “无太多困难”，对应选项 [C]；若出现 “haven't finished the reading”“can't understand most parts” 则分别对应 [A] 或 [D]。解题需关注表示 “难度”“进度” 的关键词（如 difficult、follow、understand、finish）。
Dear Admissions Committee,
It is my great pleasure to recommend Li Ming, one of my most outstanding students, for admission to your university's doctoral program in Environmental Science.
During his master's studies, Li Ming demonstrated exceptional academic potential. He excelled in core courses such as Environmental Chemistry and Pollution Control, achieving the top 5% in his class. His research project on "Oil Pollution Remediation in Soil" showed rigorous logical thinking and practical operational ability, and the related paper was highly praised by academic peers.
Li Ming is not only academically outstanding but also possesses strong teamwork spirit and independent learning ability. He actively participated in international academic seminars and communicated smoothly with foreign scholars, showing good English proficiency. I firmly believe that with his solid professional foundation and proactive attitude, he will make remarkable achievements in your program.
I sincerely recommend Li Ming without reservation. Please feel free to contact me if you need further information.
Sincerely,
Wang Hua
Professor of Environmental Science
China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
- 结构：遵循 “推荐意图 — 学术能力 + 个人品质 — 推荐总结” 的逻辑，层次清晰，符合 150 词要求；
- 内容：结合课程成绩、科研项目、学术交流等具体案例，论据充分，突出学生核心优势；
- 语言：使用 “exceptional academic potential, rigorous logical thinking, solid professional foundation” 等精准表达，符合推荐信正式语体规范。
大脑与计算机的差异可用一个词概括：复杂性。就体积而言，大型哺乳动物的大脑是我们已知最复杂的事物。人类大脑仅重三磅，但在这三磅的重量中，包含着一百亿个神经元和一千亿个更小的细胞。这些数以十亿计的细胞相互连接，构成了一个极为复杂的网络，至今我们仍无从开始破解。
即便是人类目前建造的最复杂的计算机，其复杂程度也无法与大脑相提并论。计算机的开关和组件仅有数千个，而非数十亿个。此外，计算机的开关只是一种通断装置，而大脑细胞本身就具有极其复杂的结构。
- 考点定位：本题考查科普类文本英译汉，核心考查术语精准、句式连贯及逻辑清晰，是翻译部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
- 术语精准：“complexity” 译为 “复杂性”，“neurons” 译为 “神经元”，“interconnected” 译为 “相互连接”，“intricacy” 译为 “复杂程度”，符合科普文本术语规范。
- 句式优化：拆分英文长句，将 “for its size” 译为独立分句 “就体积而言”，将 “that we can't begin to unravel as yet” 译为后置分句 “至今我们仍无从开始破解”，避免中文长句堆砌；“whereas” 译为 “而”，明确对比关系，符合中文表达习惯。
- 语义完整：完整保留 “大脑与计算机的核心差异 — 大脑的复杂构成 — 两者复杂度对比” 的逻辑链条，无遗漏或偏差，准确传递原文科普内涵。
Through the joint efforts of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country, we have successfully achieved the first and second goals of the "three-step" strategy for modernization, and the people's living standards have generally reached a well-off level. This is a great victory of the socialist system and a new milestone in the development history of the Chinese nation.
- 考点定位：本题考查时政类文本汉译英，核心考查术语精准、句式连贯及官方表达规范，是翻译部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
- 术语精准：“三步走” 战略译为 “three-step strategy for modernization”（官方固定译法），“小康水平” 译为 “well-off level”，“社会主义制度” 译为 “socialist system”，“里程碑” 译为 “milestone”，符合时政文本规范。
- 句式优化：将中文长句拆分为逻辑连贯的英文分句，用 “and” 连接 “实现目标” 与 “生活水平提升” 两个结果，用 “This” 指代前文内容，避免句式冗长；“经过…… 共同努力” 译为 “Through the joint efforts of...”，符合英文时政文本表达习惯。
- 语义完整：完整保留 “奋斗过程 — 达成目标 — 历史意义” 的核心语义，无遗漏或偏差，准确传递时政文本的庄重内涵。
以上仅为中国石油大学（北京）2005 年考博英语真题的部分样本解析。完整的该科目全套真题、其他年份考博英语真题及专业课考博真题、深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购。考博英语备考需注重听力的细节捕捉、写作的推荐信格式规范、翻译的科普与时政术语精准，建议结合完整真题强化专项训练，提升应试能力。
中国石油大学（北京）考博真题是中国石油大学（北京）申请考核制及普通招考博士研究生入学考试考过的真题试卷，对于报考中国石油大学（北京）的考生来说，专业课（业务课）科目以及外语考博真题对复习是非常重要的，因为真题除了能告诉我们哪些知识点最重要，考哪些题型之外还能给我们反映出出题的难度如何，考点及重点范围有哪些，每个知识点的出题频率，每个章节的分值比重，各个章节的出题比重，每年都要反复考的知识点等等。中国石油大学（北京）考博真题的重要性是任何习题资料都无法比拟的。在考博信息网的考博资料体系中，也是把考博专业课真题作为最为核心、最为重要的资料提供给大家的，资料精准有效，是你考博路上的得力助手，助你高效备考，实现考博目标。
