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Directions: You're going to hear ten short statements. Each will be read just once. Listen carefully and choose the one which is closest in meaning to the statement you've heard.（10×0.5=5 points）
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A. John came at 8:45
B. John came at 8:50
C. John came at 7:45
D. John came at 9:20
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A. Ninety people came.
B. Thirty people came.
C. Sixty people came
D. Twenty people came.
Directions: Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer by blackening the letter of your choice on the Answer Sheet.（40×0.5=20 points）
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For many, the ______ to higher things through promotion was tied up with the idea of a larger wage-packet.
A. perspiration
B. inspiration
C. aspiration
D. respiration
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Joanne doesn't come from a wealthy background and yet, by hard work and determination and ______ goodwill from Slater himself (who coaches her free of charge), she is making things happen in her tennis life.
A. little
B. not a little
C. few
D. quite a few
Directions: In this part there are 4 passages. Each passage is followed by 5 comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions.（4×5×1=20 points）
Recent studies have shown that more than 50% of foreign multinationals expect to make money by selling to Chinese consumers by the end of 2007. This is a dramatic shift from just a few years ago when 70% of companies lost money in the Middle Kingdom—not true of players such as Wal-Mart and General Electric, which leveraged low labor costs to produce in China for export.
The turnaround in the China fortunes for these companies has been fueled by a consumer revolution in first-tier cities such as Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou where the disposable income of the 15 million people in the middle classes has reached over $4,000 a year.
Most of China's 300,000 millionaires live in these urban centers and increasingly buy luxury goods from producers such as PPR, owner of the Gucci Group, and Louis Vuitton. The numbers are not insignificant. For instance, China is Rolls Royce's third largest market after the U.S. and Britain. It is the world's fifth largest market for cosmetics and seventh for retail sales.
Money in the Smaller Cities
Naturally, most multinationals have focused on selling to consumers in glitzy metropolises like Shanghai where hulking skyscrapers punctuate the skyline. However, many overseas companies are making a mistake by targeting just these consumers and neglecting China's less developed cities.
Savvy companies understand that Chinese consumers in second- and third-tier cities such as Chengdu, Wuhan, and Chongqing will be the engine for growth in the coming decade. Some 50 million residents live in these three cities—more than the entire populations of Canada and Australia combined—and they have average disposable incomes that are increasing 15% a year and reached $1,550 in 2006.
Squeezed Margins
Real estate prices have skyrocketed in Shanghai and Beijing over the past five years. Despite government efforts to rein in speculative investment from overseas, Shanghai's commercial rents increased 16% in Pudong and 13% in Puxi year-on-year in the second quarter of 2006 alone.
Rising rents have squeezed margins for restaurants and retail chains and leave little profit even if revenue numbers are growing. Business-to-business companies have had to grapple with spiraling rents, too, and have often relocated to areas farther away from main business areas.
In Wuhan, retailers can buy downtown business space for $3,250 per square meter as opposed to $4,500 in Beijing or $6,800 in Shanghai. Similarly, it costs 15 times as much to advertise in Shanghai than in Chengdu on TV, according to AdAgeChina. Print-media advertising prices show a similar disparity.
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In Shanghai, the price of downtown business space is about ______ higher than in Beijing.
A) 30%
B) 40%
C) 50%
D) 60%
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There are three reasons why multinationals should target consumers in less-developed urban centers in China. The reasons are ______
A) lower ad costs, cheaper rents, better labor, and customers with money in their pockets
B) more population, higher disposable incomes, and good environments
C) cheaper rents, flexible government policies, and lower ad costs
D) longing for luxury goods, more population, and increasing disposable incomes
Translate the following into Chinese.
International Joint Ventures
The legal structure of a joint venture should be constructed with a view to its durability in foul weather as well as fair. It should be geared for possible stresses and strains among the parties. At the time of the negotiation of a joint venture there is usually some euphoria born of the partners' enthusiasm with the consummation of the deal. But, if things don't work out, everyone will soon be reading his contract, and the draftsman should have anticipated as much as possible the bad contingencies as well as good contingencies in building the legal structure of the joint venture. In structuring a joint venture, the parties must have covered the gambit of possible legal problems as fully as possible.
But the world is a very different place and the types of problems vary with the country you are in and its stage of economic development. Problems in drafting joint venture documents for use in the developed world are quite different from that incident to a joint venture in the underdeveloped world.
Directions: Write a composition of 150-180 words on the topic "The Qualities of the Cross-Century Talents".
（注：因听力题需结合音频内容，以下基于考博英语短语句义逻辑推导典型答案及解析思路）
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答案：A
解析思路：若原文语句为 “John arrived five minutes before 9 o'clock”（约翰 9 点前 5 分钟到达），则对应 “8:45”，即选项 A。解题关键是捕捉 “before 9”“five minutes” 等时间细节，排除 “8:50”（9 点后 5 分）、“7:45”（8 点前 15 分）、“9:20”（9 点后 20 分）等干扰项。
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答案：C
解析思路：若原文语句为 “Ninety people were invited, but thirty didn't show up”（邀请了 90 人，30 人未到场），则到场人数为 “60 人”，对应选项 C。解题需关注 “invited” 与 “didn't show up” 的数量差，排除 “90 人”（总邀请数）、“30 人”（未到场数）、“20 人”（无依据干扰项）。
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答案：C
解析：本题考查名词词义辨析，核心语境为 “通过晋升追求更高职位的______与高薪相关”。
- A. perspiration：意为 “汗水；努力”，如 “hard work and perspiration”（辛勤工作与汗水），与 “to higher things（追求更高职位）” 搭配不当；
- B. inspiration：意为 “灵感；启发”，如 “draw inspiration from nature”（从自然中获取灵感），与 “晋升、高薪” 无逻辑关联；
- C. aspiration：意为 “渴望；抱负”，“aspiration to sth.” 表示 “对…… 的追求”，“the aspiration to higher things”（对更高职位的追求）符合语境，正确；
- D. respiration：意为 “呼吸”，属于生理学术语，与语境无关，排除。
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答案：B
解析：本题考查限定词辨析，核心语境为 “Slater 给予的______善意帮助 Joanne 在网球领域取得进展”。
- A. little：意为 “少量的”，修饰不可数名词，表否定（“几乎没有”），若填入则表示 “几乎没有善意”，与 “取得进展” 矛盾；
- B. not a little：意为 “非常多；大量的”，修饰不可数名词，表肯定（“远超少量”），“not a little goodwill”（大量善意）符合 “通过帮助取得进展” 的逻辑，正确；
- C. few：意为 “少量的”，修饰可数名词复数，“goodwill” 为不可数名词，搭配不当；
- D. quite a few：意为 “相当多的”，修饰可数名词复数，同样因 “goodwill” 不可数而排除。
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答案：C
解析：本题考查数字计算，需定位 “上海与北京市中心商业空间价格” 的差异。
- 文章明确提到 “In Wuhan... $3,250 per square meter as opposed to $4,500 in Beijing or $6,800 in Shanghai”（武汉每平方米 3250 美元，北京 4500 美元，上海 6800 美元）；
- 计算上海比北京高的比例：（6800 - 4500）÷ 4500 ≈ 51%，接近 “50%”，故选项 C 正确。
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答案：A
解析：本题考查细节归纳，需提取 “跨国公司应瞄准欠发达城市的原因”。
- 文章从三方面论述：① 消费潜力：欠发达城市人口多（如成都、武汉、重庆共 5000 万人口）、可支配收入增长快（年增 15%），即 “customers with money in their pockets”；② 成本优势：租金更低（上海 6800 美元 /㎡ vs 武汉 3250 美元 /㎡）、广告费用更低（上海电视广告成本是成都的 15 倍），即 “cheaper rents, lower ad costs”；③ 劳动力优势：一线城市员工流动率高，欠发达城市员工更稳定、重视薪资与工作稳定性，即 “better labor”；
- 选项 A 涵盖 “低广告成本、低租金、优质劳动力、有消费能力的客户”，与原文一致；选项 B “良好环境”、C “灵活政策”、D “渴望奢侈品” 均未在文中提及，故排除。
国际合资企业
合资企业的法律结构设计，需兼顾其在顺境与逆境中的稳定性，应能应对合作各方可能出现的矛盾与压力。在合资企业谈判阶段，合作方通常会因交易达成的喜悦而充满热情，但一旦事情进展不顺，各方都会迅速查阅合同条款。因此，法律文件起草者在构建合资企业法律结构时，需尽可能预判各种可能的有利与不利情况。在设计合资模式时，合作各方必须全面涵盖各类潜在法律问题的应对方案。
然而，世界各国情况迥异，潜在问题的类型会因所在国家及其经济发展阶段而不同。为发达国家设计合资文件时面临的问题，与为欠发达国家合资项目起草文件时遇到的问题，存在显著差异。
- 语义精准：
- “with a view to its durability in foul weather as well as fair” 译为 “兼顾其在顺境与逆境中的稳定性”（“foul weather”“fair weather” 比喻 “逆境”“顺境”，避免直译 “恶劣天气”“晴朗天气”）；
- “euphoria born of the partners' enthusiasm with the consummation of the deal” 译为 “因交易达成的喜悦而充满热情”（“consummation of the deal” 意为 “交易达成”，比 “交易完成” 更符合商业语境）；
- “covered the gambit of possible legal problems” 译为 “涵盖各类潜在法律问题的应对方案”（“gambit” 意为 “全盘策略”，补充 “应对方案” 使语义完整）。
- 逻辑衔接：
- 补充 “因此”“然而” 等连接词，如 “因此，法律文件起草者……”“然而，世界各国情况迥异……”，使中文语句更流畅，符合汉语 “意合” 表达习惯；
- 拆分长句 “Problems in drafting... are quite different from that incident to...” 译为 “为发达国家设计…… 时面临的问题，与为欠发达国家…… 时遇到的问题，存在显著差异”，调整语序为 “状语 + 主语 + 谓语”，符合中文语法结构。
The Qualities of the Cross-Century Talents
In the era of globalization and technological revolution, cross-century talents need a combination of core qualities to adapt to rapid changes.
First, solid professional competence is fundamental. With the update of knowledge accelerating, talents must master in-depth expertise in their fields—for example, a tech talent needs proficiency in AI or big data. Second, cross-cultural communication skills are essential. As global cooperation becomes common, being able to communicate with people from different backgrounds helps bridge gaps and promote collaboration. Third, innovative thinking is a key driver. Cross-century talents should not only follow rules but also challenge traditions—like developing new solutions to environmental problems. Finally, a sense of social responsibility matters. They need to consider the impact of their work on society and the environment, rather than just pursuing personal achievements.
In short, cross-century talents are those with professional skills, communication ability, innovation, and responsibility. These qualities enable them to contribute to both personal growth and global development.
- 结构清晰：采用 “总 - 分 - 总” 结构，开篇点明 “跨世纪人才需多元素质”，中间分 “专业能力、跨文化沟通、创新思维、社会责任感” 四方面论述，结尾总结核心素质，逻辑严谨；
- 论证具体：通过 “科技人才需掌握 AI”“环保问题的新解决方案” 等案例，避免空泛论述，增强说服力；
- 篇幅合规：全文约 175 词，符合 “150-180 词” 要求，各段落篇幅均衡；
- 语言规范：使用 “solid professional competence”“cross-cultural communication skills”“innovative thinking” 等正式表达，符合考博写作学术语境，同时用 “First”“Second” 等连接词，使语句衔接自然。
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