—— 完整内容请至页面顶部栏目选购英语、专业课考博真题
考博英语是博士研究生入学核心考核科目，南通大学考博英语涵盖完形填空、翻译、写作三大模块，重点考查学术英语应用与语言综合能力。以下为该真题精选样本及高分答案详解，供考生参考答题逻辑与核心考点。若需完整的英语考博真题、专业课考博真题及深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购，助力高效备考。
In study after study, four traits are_I_of happy people. First, happy people, especially in 2_Westerm cultures, like themselves. On self-esteem tests, they agree with statements such as "I'm a lot of fun to be with" and "I have good ideas"._3_we might expect of people who are usually happy, they report that they have positive self-esteem.
- A. special B. identical C. typical D. symbolic
- A. individual B. individualized C. individualistic D. individualism
The heart's first purpose is to supply a steady flow of oxygen to all the body cells and to return carbon dioxide to the lungs. On its journey the blood distributes dissolved foods and carries away wastes. Two large veins pour the dark used blood into the first chamber, the right auricle, which passes it into the chamber below, the right ventricle. The muscle surrounding this part contracts in a beat that pushes the blood into the lungs where the carbon dioxide is removed and replaced with vital oxygen.
Directions: Write a short composition of about 250 words on the topic "On Surviving in the Ocean of Information".
- 考点定位：本题考查形容词词义辨析，聚焦形容词与 “traits（特质）” 的语义匹配，是完形填空部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
四个选项含义分别为：A. special（特殊的，强调与众不同）；B. identical（相同的，侧重完全一致）；C. typical（典型的，表某类事物共有的特征）；D. symbolic（象征性的，侧重代表意义）。
语境为 “四项特质是幸福的人所典型具备的”，“typical of” 为固定搭配，表 “是…… 的典型特征”，契合语义，故选 [C]。
- 考点定位：本题考查形容词词义辨析，聚焦词性与语境匹配，是完形填空部分的基础考点。
- 答案详解：
四个选项含义及词性分别为：A. individual（形容词，“个人的”，侧重具体个体）；B. individualized（形容词，“个性化的”，强调定制化）；C. individualistic（形容词，“个人主义的”，形容文化特质）；D. individualism（名词，“个人主义”，不符合形容词词性要求）。
语境修饰 “Western cultures（西方文化）”，西方文化的核心特质之一是 “个人主义的”，故选 [C]。
心脏的首要功能是为全身所有细胞提供稳定的氧气供应，并将二氧化碳送回肺部。血液在循环过程中会输送溶解的营养物质，并带走代谢废物。两条大静脉将暗红色的静脉血注入第一个心腔 —— 右心房，右心房再将血液注入下方的右心室。右心室周围的肌肉收缩搏动，将血液推入肺部，在肺部二氧化碳被排出，同时血液获得维持生命所需的氧气。
- 考点定位：本题考查医学类文本英译汉，核心考查专业术语翻译、长句拆分及语义连贯性，是翻译部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
翻译要点：
- 专业术语精准翻译：“right auricle” 译为 “右心房”，“right ventricle” 译为 “右心室”，“vital oxygen” 译为 “维持生命所需的氧气”，符合医学表达规范；
- 长句拆分：将 “which passes it into the chamber below, the right ventricle”“that pushes the blood into the lungs where...” 等定语从句拆分为中文短句，避免冗长；
- 逻辑衔接：用 “并”“再”“同时” 等连接词，使血液流动的逻辑顺序清晰；
- 语义准确：“dark used blood” 译为 “暗红色的静脉血”，既体现血液颜色，又明确其属性，避免直译 “用过的暗色血液” 的生硬感。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦社会热点类议论文写作，核心考查对 “信息海洋生存” 的问题分析与解决方案提出能力，是考博英语写作的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
参考范文：
On Surviving in the Ocean of Information
In the digital era, we are surrounded by an overwhelming ocean of information, ranging from news reports and academic papers to social media updates. While this abundance of information brings convenience, it also poses challenges such as information overload and misinformation. Surviving and thriving in this environment requires practical skills and rational thinking.
Firstly, developing the ability to filter information is essential. With countless sources available, we need to distinguish between reliable and unreliable information. For example, academic research should rely on peer-reviewed journals rather than random online articles, and news should be verified through authoritative media. Setting clear goals and focusing on relevant information can help avoid being distracted by irrelevant content.
Secondly, critical thinking is indispensable. We should not accept information at face value but question its source, accuracy, and purpose. Misinformation and rumors often spread rapidly online, but a critical mindset enables us to identify logical flaws and false claims. For instance, when encountering sensational news, we should check multiple sources and analyze the evidence before forming an opinion.
Finally, mastering information management tools can enhance efficiency. Using note-taking apps, bookmark managers, and search engines skillfully helps organize useful information and retrieve it quickly. Additionally, limiting the time spent on low-value information platforms can free up time for meaningful learning and reflection.
In conclusion, surviving in the ocean of information is not about absorbing as much information as possible, but about filtering, evaluating, and managing it effectively. By cultivating these abilities, we can turn information overload into a valuable resource and gain an advantage in study and work.
范文解析：
- 结构：遵循 “提出问题 — 分析对策 — 总结升华” 的逻辑，层次清晰，论点明确；
- 内容：从 “信息筛选”“批判性思维”“工具运用” 三个维度展开，论据具体，符合 250 词要求；
- 语言：使用 “overwhelming, peer-reviewed, indispensable, sensational, retrieve” 等学术词汇，句式多样（定语从句、让步状语从句、并列句），表达规范流畅。
以上仅为南通大学 2021 年考博英语真题的部分样本解析。完整的该科目全套真题、其他年份考博英语真题及专业课考博真题、深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购。考博英语备考需注重完形填空的语义衔接、翻译的专业术语精准与句式转换、写作的逻辑构建与论据支撑，建议结合完整真题强化专项训练，提升应试能力。
南通大学考博真题是南通大学申请考核制及普通招考博士研究生入学考试考过的真题试卷，对于报考南通大学的考生来说，专业课（业务课）科目以及外语考博真题对复习是非常重要的，因为真题除了能告诉我们哪些知识点最重要，考哪些题型之外还能给我们反映出出题的难度如何，考点及重点范围有哪些，每个知识点的出题频率，每个章节的分值比重，各个章节的出题比重，每年都要反复考的知识点等等。南通大学考博真题的重要性是任何习题资料都无法比拟的。在考博信息网的考博资料体系中，也是把考博专业课真题作为最为核心、最为重要的资料提供给大家的，资料精准有效，是你考博路上的得力助手，助你高效备考，实现考博目标。
