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考博英语是博士研究生入学核心考核科目，厦门大学 2012 年考博英语涵盖词汇语法、阅读理解、简答题、翻译、写作五大模块，重点考查学术英语理解、语言综合应用与主题思辨能力。以下为该真题精选样本及高分答案详解，供考生参考答题逻辑与核心考点。若需完整的英语考博真题、专业课考博真题及深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购，助力高效备考。
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The weather wasn't favorable and both teams had to ______ icy rain and a strong wind during the match.
A. pin down B. get stuck in C. take control of D. contend with
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People planning to travel by car to North Dakota in the winter are advised to ______ their cars with snow tires and warm clothing.
A. install B. purchase C. provide D. equip
The world seems to be going diet crazy, and yet our nation's obesity rate has shot up year after year. And, it's not only the over 20 population that has to worry about their weight anymore. Children from kindergarten to twelfth grade are also experiencing the problems of an overweight lifestyle.
According to the website
cosmiverse.com, 11% of adolescents are categorized as being overweight, and another 16% are in danger of becoming overweight. This is a 60% jump from the 1980's.
Some of the blame is being put on schools wanting to fit more academic classes into the children's schedule rather than waste time on physical education. This new take on education has left us with physical activity at an all-time national low, resulting in obesity and poor physical conditioning at an all-time national high.
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Which of the following is similar in meaning to the word "obesity"?
A. Extremely heavy. B. Quite plump. C. Unhealthily fat. D. Rather stout.
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What is the trend in education that has led to an increase in obesity?
A. Banning all types of soda drinks in schools.
B. Adding more academic classes at the expense of physical education.
C. No readily available sports programs for everyone.
D. The tendency to neglect courses on healthy eating.
Silicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock to in search of fame, fast money and to participate in a technological revolution whose impact on mankind will surely surpass the epoch-making European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution of the bygone age.
Directions: Write an essay of at least 250 words on the topic "Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both views and give your own opinion."
- 考点定位：本题考查动词短语辨析，聚焦 “恶劣天气下比赛” 的语境逻辑，是词汇部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：四个短语含义分别为：A. pin down（确定；困住）；B. get stuck in（陷入；专注于）；C. take control of（控制）；D. contend with（对抗；应对）。语境为 “两队必须在比赛中应对冰冷的雨水和强风”，“contend with” 贴合 “对抗不利条件” 的语义，故选 [D]。
- 考点定位：本题考查动词词义辨析与固定搭配，是词汇部分的基础考点，聚焦 “为旅行做准备” 的逻辑。
- 答案详解：四个选项含义分别为：A. install（安装，后接设备类宾语）；B. purchase（购买）；C. provide（提供，常用搭配为 provide sb. with sth.）；D. equip（配备，常用搭配为 equip sth. with sth.）。语境为 “给汽车配备雪地轮胎”，“equip...with...” 为固定搭配，符合语义与语法要求，故选 [D]。
- 考点定位：本题考查词义推断，是阅读理解部分的基础考点，考查对 “obesity” 核心语义的精准把握。
- 答案详解：“obesity” 意为 “肥胖症”，强调 “不健康的肥胖状态”。[A]“极其重”、[B]“挺丰满”、[D]“相当壮” 均未体现 “不健康” 的核心属性，而 [C]“不健康的肥胖” 准确匹配词义，故选 [C]。
- 考点定位：本题考查细节提取，是阅读理解部分的核心考点，考查对 “教育趋势与肥胖关联” 的精准查找。
- 答案详解：原文明确提到 “schools wanting to fit more academic classes into the children's schedule rather than waste time on physical education”，即 “学校增加学术课程，挤占体育教育时间”，这一趋势导致青少年体力活动减少、肥胖率上升，故选 [B]。
[A]“禁止校园汽水” 是学校的应对措施，非导致肥胖的教育趋势；[C]“无普及性体育项目”、[D]“忽视健康饮食课程” 未在原文提及，故排除。
硅谷如同一块磁铁，吸引着无数来自海外的才华横溢的工程师、科学家和企业家。他们奔赴此地，追寻声誉与快速财富，投身于一场技术革命 —— 这场革命对人类的影响，必将超越具有划时代意义的欧洲文艺复兴和昔日的工业革命。
- 考点定位：本题考查科技类文本英译汉，核心考查术语精准、句式拆分及逻辑连贯，是翻译部分的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
- 术语精准：“Silicon Valley” 译为 “硅谷”（标准译法），“entrepreneurs” 译为 “企业家”，“epoch-making” 译为 “具有划时代意义的”，“Renaissance” 译为 “文艺复兴”，符合学术与历史术语规范。
- 句式优化：将英文长句拆分为三个中文分句，先描述硅谷的 “磁铁效应”，再说明海外人才的目的，最后强调技术革命的影响，避免直译的冗长感；“whose impact” 引导的定语从句译为破折号衔接的独立分句，逻辑更清晰。
- 语义完整：完整保留 “吸引人才、人才目的、革命影响” 三大核心语义，无遗漏或偏差，同时还原原文的强调语气。
- 考点定位：本题聚焦社会热点类议论文写作，核心考查对 “体育明星高薪是否公平” 的辩证分析能力，是考博英语写作的核心考点。
- 答案详解：
Should Sports Professionals Earn Higher Salaries?
There is a widespread debate over whether successful sports professionals deserve much higher salaries than those in other important professions. Some people argue this is fair, while others hold the opposite view. In my opinion, their high earnings are justified to some extent, but we should not ignore the value of other professions.
Those who support high salaries for sports professionals have sound reasons. Firstly, sports careers are usually short-lived. Most athletes retire in their 30s, so they need to earn enough money to support their future life. Secondly, top athletes face fierce competition and great pressure. They have to undergo years of intensive training and risk injuries. For example, professional footballers often suffer from muscle strains or even fractures, and their careers may end abruptly due to serious injuries. Finally, successful athletes can bring huge economic benefits to society, such as promoting sports industry development and boosting national morale.
However, opponents argue that it is unfair for other professionals. Doctors, teachers, and scientists make vital contributions to society—doctors save lives, teachers cultivate talents, and scientists drive technological progress. Their work is equally important but often underpaid compared to top athletes.
In conclusion, sports professionals' high salaries are reasonable considering their short career span, high pressure, and social contributions. Nevertheless, society should also recognize the value of other important professions and ensure a more balanced salary distribution. Only in this way can we encourage people to contribute to different fields and promote overall social development.
- 结构：遵循 “引出争议 — 分述双方观点 — 提出自身立场” 的逻辑，层次清晰，辩证客观；
- 内容：结合足球运动员受伤案例、医生教师职业价值等具体论据，贴合 250 词要求；
- 语言：使用 “intensive training, abrupt, vital contributions, balanced salary distribution” 等精准词汇，句式多样（定语从句、状语从句），表达规范流畅。
以上仅为厦门大学 2012 年考博英语真题的部分样本解析。完整的该科目全套真题、其他年份考博英语真题及专业课考博真题、深度解析，可通过页面顶部栏目选购。考博英语备考需注重词汇的语义与搭配、阅读理解的细节提取与词义推断、翻译的句式拆分及写作的逻辑构建，建议结合完整真题强化专项训练，提升应试能力。
厦门大学考博真题是厦门大学申请考核制及普通招考博士研究生入学考试考过的真题试卷，对于报考厦门大学的考生来说，专业课（业务课）科目以及外语考博真题对复习是非常重要的，因为真题除了能告诉我们哪些知识点最重要，考哪些题型之外还能给我们反映出出题的难度如何，考点及重点范围有哪些，每个知识点的出题频率，每个章节的分值比重，各个章节的出题比重，每年都要反复考的知识点等等。厦门大学考博真题的重要性是任何习题资料都无法比拟的。在考博信息网的考博资料体系中，也是把考博专业课真题作为最为核心、最为重要的资料提供给大家的，资料精准有效，是你考博路上的得力助手，助你高效备考，实现考博目标。
